Merge branch 'master' into using-declarations

28 files changed, 542 insertions, 489 deletions

diff --git a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/AudioController.cs b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/AudioController.cs
index 616fe5b91..a6e70e72d 100644
--- a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/AudioController.cs
+++ b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/AudioController.cs
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             [FromQuery] int? height,
             [FromQuery] int? videoBitRate,
             [FromQuery] int? subtitleStreamIndex,
-            [FromQuery] SubtitleDeliveryMethod subtitleMethod,
+            [FromQuery] SubtitleDeliveryMethod? subtitleMethod,
             [FromQuery] int? maxRefFrames,
             [FromQuery] int? maxVideoBitDepth,
             [FromQuery] bool? requireAvc,
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             {
                 Id = itemId,
                 Container = container,
-                Static = @static ?? true,
+                Static = @static ?? false,
                 Params = @params,
                 Tag = tag,
                 DeviceProfileId = deviceProfileId,
@@ -168,22 +168,22 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                 Level = level,
                 Framerate = framerate,
                 MaxFramerate = maxFramerate,
-                CopyTimestamps = copyTimestamps ?? true,
+                CopyTimestamps = copyTimestamps ?? false,
                 StartTimeTicks = startTimeTicks,
                 Width = width,
                 Height = height,
                 VideoBitRate = videoBitRate,
                 SubtitleStreamIndex = subtitleStreamIndex,
-                SubtitleMethod = subtitleMethod,
+                SubtitleMethod = subtitleMethod ?? SubtitleDeliveryMethod.Encode,
                 MaxRefFrames = maxRefFrames,
                 MaxVideoBitDepth = maxVideoBitDepth,
-                RequireAvc = requireAvc ?? true,
-                DeInterlace = deInterlace ?? true,
-                RequireNonAnamorphic = requireNonAnamorphic ?? true,
+                RequireAvc = requireAvc ?? false,
+                DeInterlace = deInterlace ?? false,
+                RequireNonAnamorphic = requireNonAnamorphic ?? false,
                 TranscodingMaxAudioChannels = transcodingMaxAudioChannels,
                 CpuCoreLimit = cpuCoreLimit,
                 LiveStreamId = liveStreamId,
-                EnableMpegtsM2TsMode = enableMpegtsM2TsMode ?? true,
+                EnableMpegtsM2TsMode = enableMpegtsM2TsMode ?? false,
                 VideoCodec = videoCodec,
                 SubtitleCodec = subtitleCodec,
                 TranscodeReasons = transcodeReasons,
@@ -287,7 +287,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             [FromQuery] int? height,
             [FromQuery] int? videoBitRate,
             [FromQuery] int? subtitleStreamIndex,
-            [FromQuery] SubtitleDeliveryMethod subtitleMethod,
+            [FromQuery] SubtitleDeliveryMethod? subtitleMethod,
             [FromQuery] int? maxRefFrames,
             [FromQuery] int? maxVideoBitDepth,
             [FromQuery] bool? requireAvc,
@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             {
                 Id = itemId,
                 Container = container,
-                Static = @static ?? true,
+                Static = @static ?? false,
                 Params = @params,
                 Tag = tag,
                 DeviceProfileId = deviceProfileId,
@@ -333,22 +333,22 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                 Level = level,
                 Framerate = framerate,
                 MaxFramerate = maxFramerate,
-                CopyTimestamps = copyTimestamps ?? true,
+                CopyTimestamps = copyTimestamps ?? false,
                 StartTimeTicks = startTimeTicks,
                 Width = width,
                 Height = height,
                 VideoBitRate = videoBitRate,
                 SubtitleStreamIndex = subtitleStreamIndex,
-                SubtitleMethod = subtitleMethod,
+                SubtitleMethod = subtitleMethod ?? SubtitleDeliveryMethod.Encode,
                 MaxRefFrames = maxRefFrames,
                 MaxVideoBitDepth = maxVideoBitDepth,
-                RequireAvc = requireAvc ?? true,
-                DeInterlace = deInterlace ?? true,
-                RequireNonAnamorphic = requireNonAnamorphic ?? true,
+                RequireAvc = requireAvc ?? false,
+                DeInterlace = deInterlace ?? false,
+                RequireNonAnamorphic = requireNonAnamorphic ?? false,
                 TranscodingMaxAudioChannels = transcodingMaxAudioChannels,
                 CpuCoreLimit = cpuCoreLimit,
                 LiveStreamId = liveStreamId,
-                EnableMpegtsM2TsMode = enableMpegtsM2TsMode ?? true,
+                EnableMpegtsM2TsMode = enableMpegtsM2TsMode ?? false,
                 VideoCodec = videoCodec,
                 SubtitleCodec = subtitleCodec,
                 TranscodeReasons = transcodeReasons,
diff --git a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/ConfigurationController.cs b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/ConfigurationController.cs
index e1c9f69f6..b6309baab 100644
--- a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/ConfigurationController.cs
+++ b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/ConfigurationController.cs
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+using System;
 using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
 using System.Net.Mime;
 using System.Text.Json;
@@ -25,7 +26,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         private readonly IServerConfigurationManager _configurationManager;
         private readonly IMediaEncoder _mediaEncoder;
 
-        private readonly JsonSerializerOptions _serializerOptions = JsonDefaults.GetOptions();
+        private readonly JsonSerializerOptions _serializerOptions = JsonDefaults.Options;
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="ConfigurationController"/> class.
@@ -94,6 +95,11 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         {
             var configurationType = _configurationManager.GetConfigurationType(key);
             var configuration = await JsonSerializer.DeserializeAsync(Request.Body, configurationType, _serializerOptions).ConfigureAwait(false);
+            if (configuration == null)
+            {
+                throw new ArgumentException("Body doesn't contain a valid configuration");
+            }
+
             _configurationManager.SaveConfiguration(key, configuration);
             return NoContent();
         }
diff --git a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/DashboardController.cs b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/DashboardController.cs
index a2c2ecd66..445733c24 100644
--- a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/DashboardController.cs
+++ b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/DashboardController.cs
@@ -95,9 +95,9 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             return GetPluginPages(plugin).Select(i => new ConfigurationPageInfo(plugin.Instance, i.Item1));
         }
 
-        private IEnumerable<Tuple<PluginPageInfo, IPlugin>> GetPluginPages(LocalPlugin? plugin)
+        private IEnumerable<Tuple<PluginPageInfo, IPlugin>> GetPluginPages(LocalPlugin plugin)
         {
-            if (plugin?.Instance is not IHasWebPages hasWebPages)
+            if (plugin.Instance is not IHasWebPages hasWebPages)
             {
                 return Enumerable.Empty<Tuple<PluginPageInfo, IPlugin>>();
             }
diff --git a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/DynamicHlsController.cs b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/DynamicHlsController.cs
index e375645cf..b4154b361 100644
--- a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/DynamicHlsController.cs
+++ b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/DynamicHlsController.cs
@@ -52,8 +52,6 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         private readonly IServerConfigurationManager _serverConfigurationManager;
         private readonly IMediaEncoder _mediaEncoder;
         private readonly IFileSystem _fileSystem;
-        private readonly ISubtitleEncoder _subtitleEncoder;
-        private readonly IConfiguration _configuration;
         private readonly IDeviceManager _deviceManager;
         private readonly TranscodingJobHelper _transcodingJobHelper;
         private readonly ILogger<DynamicHlsController> _logger;
@@ -72,12 +70,11 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         /// <param name="serverConfigurationManager">Instance of the <see cref="IServerConfigurationManager"/> interface.</param>
         /// <param name="mediaEncoder">Instance of the <see cref="IMediaEncoder"/> interface.</param>
         /// <param name="fileSystem">Instance of the <see cref="IFileSystem"/> interface.</param>
-        /// <param name="subtitleEncoder">Instance of the <see cref="ISubtitleEncoder"/> interface.</param>
-        /// <param name="configuration">Instance of the <see cref="IConfiguration"/> interface.</param>
         /// <param name="deviceManager">Instance of the <see cref="IDeviceManager"/> interface.</param>
         /// <param name="transcodingJobHelper">Instance of the <see cref="TranscodingJobHelper"/> class.</param>
         /// <param name="logger">Instance of the <see cref="ILogger{DynamicHlsController}"/> interface.</param>
         /// <param name="dynamicHlsHelper">Instance of <see cref="DynamicHlsHelper"/>.</param>
+        /// <param name="encodingHelper">Instance of <see cref="EncodingHelper"/>.</param>
         public DynamicHlsController(
             ILibraryManager libraryManager,
             IUserManager userManager,
@@ -87,15 +84,12 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             IServerConfigurationManager serverConfigurationManager,
             IMediaEncoder mediaEncoder,
             IFileSystem fileSystem,
-            ISubtitleEncoder subtitleEncoder,
-            IConfiguration configuration,
             IDeviceManager deviceManager,
             TranscodingJobHelper transcodingJobHelper,
             ILogger<DynamicHlsController> logger,
-            DynamicHlsHelper dynamicHlsHelper)
+            DynamicHlsHelper dynamicHlsHelper,
+            EncodingHelper encodingHelper)
         {
-            _encodingHelper = new EncodingHelper(mediaEncoder, fileSystem, subtitleEncoder, configuration);
-
             _libraryManager = libraryManager;
             _userManager = userManager;
             _dlnaManager = dlnaManager;
@@ -104,12 +98,12 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             _serverConfigurationManager = serverConfigurationManager;
             _mediaEncoder = mediaEncoder;
             _fileSystem = fileSystem;
-            _subtitleEncoder = subtitleEncoder;
-            _configuration = configuration;
             _deviceManager = deviceManager;
             _transcodingJobHelper = transcodingJobHelper;
             _logger = logger;
             _dynamicHlsHelper = dynamicHlsHelper;
+            _encodingHelper = encodingHelper;
+
             _encodingOptions = serverConfigurationManager.GetEncodingOptions();
         }
 
@@ -203,7 +197,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             [FromQuery] int? height,
             [FromQuery] int? videoBitRate,
             [FromQuery] int? subtitleStreamIndex,
-            [FromQuery] SubtitleDeliveryMethod subtitleMethod,
+            [FromQuery] SubtitleDeliveryMethod? subtitleMethod,
             [FromQuery] int? maxRefFrames,
             [FromQuery] int? maxVideoBitDepth,
             [FromQuery] bool? requireAvc,
@@ -218,14 +212,14 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             [FromQuery] string? transcodeReasons,
             [FromQuery] int? audioStreamIndex,
             [FromQuery] int? videoStreamIndex,
-            [FromQuery] EncodingContext context,
+            [FromQuery] EncodingContext? context,
             [FromQuery] Dictionary<string, string> streamOptions,
             [FromQuery] bool enableAdaptiveBitrateStreaming = true)
         {
             var streamingRequest = new HlsVideoRequestDto
             {
                 Id = itemId,
-                Static = @static ?? true,
+                Static = @static ?? false,
                 Params = @params,
                 Tag = tag,
                 DeviceProfileId = deviceProfileId,
@@ -249,28 +243,28 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                 Level = level,
                 Framerate = framerate,
                 MaxFramerate = maxFramerate,
-                CopyTimestamps = copyTimestamps ?? true,
+                CopyTimestamps = copyTimestamps ?? false,
                 StartTimeTicks = startTimeTicks,
                 Width = width,
                 Height = height,
                 VideoBitRate = videoBitRate,
                 SubtitleStreamIndex = subtitleStreamIndex,
-                SubtitleMethod = subtitleMethod,
+                SubtitleMethod = subtitleMethod ?? SubtitleDeliveryMethod.Encode,
                 MaxRefFrames = maxRefFrames,
                 MaxVideoBitDepth = maxVideoBitDepth,
-                RequireAvc = requireAvc ?? true,
-                DeInterlace = deInterlace ?? true,
-                RequireNonAnamorphic = requireNonAnamorphic ?? true,
+                RequireAvc = requireAvc ?? false,
+                DeInterlace = deInterlace ?? false,
+                RequireNonAnamorphic = requireNonAnamorphic ?? false,
                 TranscodingMaxAudioChannels = transcodingMaxAudioChannels,
                 CpuCoreLimit = cpuCoreLimit,
                 LiveStreamId = liveStreamId,
-                EnableMpegtsM2TsMode = enableMpegtsM2TsMode ?? true,
+                EnableMpegtsM2TsMode = enableMpegtsM2TsMode ?? false,
                 VideoCodec = videoCodec,
                 SubtitleCodec = subtitleCodec,
                 TranscodeReasons = transcodeReasons,
                 AudioStreamIndex = audioStreamIndex,
                 VideoStreamIndex = videoStreamIndex,
-                Context = context,
+                Context = context ?? EncodingContext.Streaming,
                 StreamOptions = streamOptions,
                 EnableAdaptiveBitrateStreaming = enableAdaptiveBitrateStreaming
             };
@@ -370,7 +364,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             [FromQuery] int? height,
             [FromQuery] int? videoBitRate,
             [FromQuery] int? subtitleStreamIndex,
-            [FromQuery] SubtitleDeliveryMethod subtitleMethod,
+            [FromQuery] SubtitleDeliveryMethod? subtitleMethod,
             [FromQuery] int? maxRefFrames,
             [FromQuery] int? maxVideoBitDepth,
             [FromQuery] bool? requireAvc,
@@ -385,14 +379,14 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             [FromQuery] string? transcodeReasons,
             [FromQuery] int? audioStreamIndex,
             [FromQuery] int? videoStreamIndex,
-            [FromQuery] EncodingContext context,
+            [FromQuery] EncodingContext? context,
             [FromQuery] Dictionary<string, string> streamOptions,
             [FromQuery] bool enableAdaptiveBitrateStreaming = true)
         {
             var streamingRequest = new HlsAudioRequestDto
             {
                 Id = itemId,
-                Static = @static ?? true,
+                Static = @static ?? false,
                 Params = @params,
                 Tag = tag,
                 DeviceProfileId = deviceProfileId,
@@ -416,28 +410,28 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                 Level = level,
                 Framerate = framerate,
                 MaxFramerate = maxFramerate,
-                CopyTimestamps = copyTimestamps ?? true,
+                CopyTimestamps = copyTimestamps ?? false,
                 StartTimeTicks = startTimeTicks,
                 Width = width,
                 Height = height,
                 VideoBitRate = videoBitRate,
                 SubtitleStreamIndex = subtitleStreamIndex,
-                SubtitleMethod = subtitleMethod,
+                SubtitleMethod = subtitleMethod ?? SubtitleDeliveryMethod.Encode,
                 MaxRefFrames = maxRefFrames,
                 MaxVideoBitDepth = maxVideoBitDepth,
-                RequireAvc = requireAvc ?? true,
-                DeInterlace = deInterlace ?? true,
-                RequireNonAnamorphic = requireNonAnamorphic ?? true,
+                RequireAvc = requireAvc ?? false,
+                DeInterlace = deInterlace ?? false,
+                RequireNonAnamorphic = requireNonAnamorphic ?? false,
                 TranscodingMaxAudioChannels = transcodingMaxAudioChannels,
                 CpuCoreLimit = cpuCoreLimit,
                 LiveStreamId = liveStreamId,
-                EnableMpegtsM2TsMode = enableMpegtsM2TsMode ?? true,
+                EnableMpegtsM2TsMode = enableMpegtsM2TsMode ?? false,
                 VideoCodec = videoCodec,
                 SubtitleCodec = subtitleCodec,
                 TranscodeReasons = transcodeReasons,
                 AudioStreamIndex = audioStreamIndex,
                 VideoStreamIndex = videoStreamIndex,
-                Context = context,
+                Context = context ?? EncodingContext.Streaming,
                 StreamOptions = streamOptions,
                 EnableAdaptiveBitrateStreaming = enableAdaptiveBitrateStreaming
             };
@@ -533,7 +527,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             [FromQuery] int? height,
             [FromQuery] int? videoBitRate,
             [FromQuery] int? subtitleStreamIndex,
-            [FromQuery] SubtitleDeliveryMethod subtitleMethod,
+            [FromQuery] SubtitleDeliveryMethod? subtitleMethod,
             [FromQuery] int? maxRefFrames,
             [FromQuery] int? maxVideoBitDepth,
             [FromQuery] bool? requireAvc,
@@ -548,14 +542,14 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             [FromQuery] string? transcodeReasons,
             [FromQuery] int? audioStreamIndex,
             [FromQuery] int? videoStreamIndex,
-            [FromQuery] EncodingContext context,
+            [FromQuery] EncodingContext? context,
             [FromQuery] Dictionary<string, string> streamOptions)
         {
             var cancellationTokenSource = new CancellationTokenSource();
             var streamingRequest = new VideoRequestDto
             {
                 Id = itemId,
-                Static = @static ?? true,
+                Static = @static ?? false,
                 Params = @params,
                 Tag = tag,
                 DeviceProfileId = deviceProfileId,
@@ -579,28 +573,28 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                 Level = level,
                 Framerate = framerate,
                 MaxFramerate = maxFramerate,
-                CopyTimestamps = copyTimestamps ?? true,
+                CopyTimestamps = copyTimestamps ?? false,
                 StartTimeTicks = startTimeTicks,
                 Width = width,
                 Height = height,
                 VideoBitRate = videoBitRate,
                 SubtitleStreamIndex = subtitleStreamIndex,
-                SubtitleMethod = subtitleMethod,
+                SubtitleMethod = subtitleMethod ?? SubtitleDeliveryMethod.Encode,
                 MaxRefFrames = maxRefFrames,
                 MaxVideoBitDepth = maxVideoBitDepth,
-                RequireAvc = requireAvc ?? true,
-                DeInterlace = deInterlace ?? true,
-                RequireNonAnamorphic = requireNonAnamorphic ?? true,
+                RequireAvc = requireAvc ?? false,
+                DeInterlace = deInterlace ?? false,
+                RequireNonAnamorphic = requireNonAnamorphic ?? false,
                 TranscodingMaxAudioChannels = transcodingMaxAudioChannels,
                 CpuCoreLimit = cpuCoreLimit,
                 LiveStreamId = liveStreamId,
-                EnableMpegtsM2TsMode = enableMpegtsM2TsMode ?? true,
+                EnableMpegtsM2TsMode = enableMpegtsM2TsMode ?? false,
                 VideoCodec = videoCodec,
                 SubtitleCodec = subtitleCodec,
                 TranscodeReasons = transcodeReasons,
                 AudioStreamIndex = audioStreamIndex,
                 VideoStreamIndex = videoStreamIndex,
-                Context = context,
+                Context = context ?? EncodingContext.Streaming,
                 StreamOptions = streamOptions
             };
 
@@ -698,7 +692,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             [FromQuery] int? height,
             [FromQuery] int? videoBitRate,
             [FromQuery] int? subtitleStreamIndex,
-            [FromQuery] SubtitleDeliveryMethod subtitleMethod,
+            [FromQuery] SubtitleDeliveryMethod? subtitleMethod,
             [FromQuery] int? maxRefFrames,
             [FromQuery] int? maxVideoBitDepth,
             [FromQuery] bool? requireAvc,
@@ -713,14 +707,14 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             [FromQuery] string? transcodeReasons,
             [FromQuery] int? audioStreamIndex,
             [FromQuery] int? videoStreamIndex,
-            [FromQuery] EncodingContext context,
+            [FromQuery] EncodingContext? context,
             [FromQuery] Dictionary<string, string> streamOptions)
         {
             var cancellationTokenSource = new CancellationTokenSource();
             var streamingRequest = new StreamingRequestDto
             {
                 Id = itemId,
-                Static = @static ?? true,
+                Static = @static ?? false,
                 Params = @params,
                 Tag = tag,
                 DeviceProfileId = deviceProfileId,
@@ -744,28 +738,28 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                 Level = level,
                 Framerate = framerate,
                 MaxFramerate = maxFramerate,
-                CopyTimestamps = copyTimestamps ?? true,
+                CopyTimestamps = copyTimestamps ?? false,
                 StartTimeTicks = startTimeTicks,
                 Width = width,
                 Height = height,
                 VideoBitRate = videoBitRate,
                 SubtitleStreamIndex = subtitleStreamIndex,
-                SubtitleMethod = subtitleMethod,
+                SubtitleMethod = subtitleMethod ?? SubtitleDeliveryMethod.Encode,
                 MaxRefFrames = maxRefFrames,
                 MaxVideoBitDepth = maxVideoBitDepth,
-                RequireAvc = requireAvc ?? true,
-                DeInterlace = deInterlace ?? true,
-                RequireNonAnamorphic = requireNonAnamorphic ?? true,
+                RequireAvc = requireAvc ?? false,
+                DeInterlace = deInterlace ?? false,
+                RequireNonAnamorphic = requireNonAnamorphic ?? false,
                 TranscodingMaxAudioChannels = transcodingMaxAudioChannels,
                 CpuCoreLimit = cpuCoreLimit,
                 LiveStreamId = liveStreamId,
-                EnableMpegtsM2TsMode = enableMpegtsM2TsMode ?? true,
+                EnableMpegtsM2TsMode = enableMpegtsM2TsMode ?? false,
                 VideoCodec = videoCodec,
                 SubtitleCodec = subtitleCodec,
                 TranscodeReasons = transcodeReasons,
                 AudioStreamIndex = audioStreamIndex,
                 VideoStreamIndex = videoStreamIndex,
-                Context = context,
+                Context = context ?? EncodingContext.Streaming,
                 StreamOptions = streamOptions
             };
 
@@ -868,7 +862,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             [FromQuery] int? height,
             [FromQuery] int? videoBitRate,
             [FromQuery] int? subtitleStreamIndex,
-            [FromQuery] SubtitleDeliveryMethod subtitleMethod,
+            [FromQuery] SubtitleDeliveryMethod? subtitleMethod,
             [FromQuery] int? maxRefFrames,
             [FromQuery] int? maxVideoBitDepth,
             [FromQuery] bool? requireAvc,
@@ -883,14 +877,14 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             [FromQuery] string? transcodeReasons,
             [FromQuery] int? audioStreamIndex,
             [FromQuery] int? videoStreamIndex,
-            [FromQuery] EncodingContext context,
+            [FromQuery] EncodingContext? context,
             [FromQuery] Dictionary<string, string> streamOptions)
         {
             var streamingRequest = new VideoRequestDto
             {
                 Id = itemId,
                 Container = container,
-                Static = @static ?? true,
+                Static = @static ?? false,
                 Params = @params,
                 Tag = tag,
                 DeviceProfileId = deviceProfileId,
@@ -914,28 +908,28 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                 Level = level,
                 Framerate = framerate,
                 MaxFramerate = maxFramerate,
-                CopyTimestamps = copyTimestamps ?? true,
+                CopyTimestamps = copyTimestamps ?? false,
                 StartTimeTicks = startTimeTicks,
                 Width = width,
                 Height = height,
                 VideoBitRate = videoBitRate,
                 SubtitleStreamIndex = subtitleStreamIndex,
-                SubtitleMethod = subtitleMethod,
+                SubtitleMethod = subtitleMethod ?? SubtitleDeliveryMethod.Encode,
                 MaxRefFrames = maxRefFrames,
                 MaxVideoBitDepth = maxVideoBitDepth,
-                RequireAvc = requireAvc ?? true,
-                DeInterlace = deInterlace ?? true,
-                RequireNonAnamorphic = requireNonAnamorphic ?? true,
+                RequireAvc = requireAvc ?? false,
+                DeInterlace = deInterlace ?? false,
+                RequireNonAnamorphic = requireNonAnamorphic ?? false,
                 TranscodingMaxAudioChannels = transcodingMaxAudioChannels,
                 CpuCoreLimit = cpuCoreLimit,
                 LiveStreamId = liveStreamId,
-                EnableMpegtsM2TsMode = enableMpegtsM2TsMode ?? true,
+                EnableMpegtsM2TsMode = enableMpegtsM2TsMode ?? false,
                 VideoCodec = videoCodec,
                 SubtitleCodec = subtitleCodec,
                 TranscodeReasons = transcodeReasons,
                 AudioStreamIndex = audioStreamIndex,
                 VideoStreamIndex = videoStreamIndex,
-                Context = context,
+                Context = context ?? EncodingContext.Streaming,
                 StreamOptions = streamOptions
             };
 
@@ -1040,7 +1034,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             [FromQuery] int? height,
             [FromQuery] int? videoBitRate,
             [FromQuery] int? subtitleStreamIndex,
-            [FromQuery] SubtitleDeliveryMethod subtitleMethod,
+            [FromQuery] SubtitleDeliveryMethod? subtitleMethod,
             [FromQuery] int? maxRefFrames,
             [FromQuery] int? maxVideoBitDepth,
             [FromQuery] bool? requireAvc,
@@ -1055,14 +1049,14 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             [FromQuery] string? transcodeReasons,
             [FromQuery] int? audioStreamIndex,
             [FromQuery] int? videoStreamIndex,
-            [FromQuery] EncodingContext context,
+            [FromQuery] EncodingContext? context,
             [FromQuery] Dictionary<string, string> streamOptions)
         {
             var streamingRequest = new StreamingRequestDto
             {
                 Id = itemId,
                 Container = container,
-                Static = @static ?? true,
+                Static = @static ?? false,
                 Params = @params,
                 Tag = tag,
                 DeviceProfileId = deviceProfileId,
@@ -1086,28 +1080,28 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                 Level = level,
                 Framerate = framerate,
                 MaxFramerate = maxFramerate,
-                CopyTimestamps = copyTimestamps ?? true,
+                CopyTimestamps = copyTimestamps ?? false,
                 StartTimeTicks = startTimeTicks,
                 Width = width,
                 Height = height,
                 VideoBitRate = videoBitRate,
                 SubtitleStreamIndex = subtitleStreamIndex,
-                SubtitleMethod = subtitleMethod,
+                SubtitleMethod = subtitleMethod ?? SubtitleDeliveryMethod.Encode,
                 MaxRefFrames = maxRefFrames,
                 MaxVideoBitDepth = maxVideoBitDepth,
-                RequireAvc = requireAvc ?? true,
-                DeInterlace = deInterlace ?? true,
-                RequireNonAnamorphic = requireNonAnamorphic ?? true,
+                RequireAvc = requireAvc ?? false,
+                DeInterlace = deInterlace ?? false,
+                RequireNonAnamorphic = requireNonAnamorphic ?? false,
                 TranscodingMaxAudioChannels = transcodingMaxAudioChannels,
                 CpuCoreLimit = cpuCoreLimit,
                 LiveStreamId = liveStreamId,
-                EnableMpegtsM2TsMode = enableMpegtsM2TsMode ?? true,
+                EnableMpegtsM2TsMode = enableMpegtsM2TsMode ?? false,
                 VideoCodec = videoCodec,
                 SubtitleCodec = subtitleCodec,
                 TranscodeReasons = transcodeReasons,
                 AudioStreamIndex = audioStreamIndex,
                 VideoStreamIndex = videoStreamIndex,
-                Context = context,
+                Context = context ?? EncodingContext.Streaming,
                 StreamOptions = streamOptions
             };
 
@@ -1126,9 +1120,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                     _libraryManager,
                     _serverConfigurationManager,
                     _mediaEncoder,
-                    _fileSystem,
-                    _subtitleEncoder,
-                    _configuration,
+                    _encodingHelper,
                     _dlnaManager,
                     _deviceManager,
                     _transcodingJobHelper,
@@ -1211,9 +1203,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                     _libraryManager,
                     _serverConfigurationManager,
                     _mediaEncoder,
-                    _fileSystem,
-                    _subtitleEncoder,
-                    _configuration,
+                    _encodingHelper,
                     _dlnaManager,
                     _deviceManager,
                     _transcodingJobHelper,
diff --git a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/HlsSegmentController.cs b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/HlsSegmentController.cs
index 25abe73ed..473bdc523 100644
--- a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/HlsSegmentController.cs
+++ b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/HlsSegmentController.cs
@@ -61,7 +61,13 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         {
             // TODO: Deprecate with new iOS app
             var file = segmentId + Path.GetExtension(Request.Path);
-            file = Path.Combine(_serverConfigurationManager.GetTranscodePath(), file);
+            var transcodePath = _serverConfigurationManager.GetTranscodePath();
+            file = Path.GetFullPath(Path.Combine(transcodePath, file));
+            var fileDir = Path.GetDirectoryName(file);
+            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(fileDir) || !fileDir.StartsWith(transcodePath))
+            {
+                return BadRequest("Invalid segment.");
+            }
 
             return FileStreamResponseHelpers.GetStaticFileResult(file, MimeTypes.GetMimeType(file)!, false, HttpContext);
         }
@@ -81,7 +87,13 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         public ActionResult GetHlsPlaylistLegacy([FromRoute, Required] string itemId, [FromRoute, Required] string playlistId)
         {
             var file = playlistId + Path.GetExtension(Request.Path);
-            file = Path.Combine(_serverConfigurationManager.GetTranscodePath(), file);
+            var transcodePath = _serverConfigurationManager.GetTranscodePath();
+            file = Path.GetFullPath(Path.Combine(transcodePath, file));
+            var fileDir = Path.GetDirectoryName(file);
+            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(fileDir) || !fileDir.StartsWith(transcodePath) || Path.GetExtension(file) != ".m3u8")
+            {
+                return BadRequest("Invalid segment.");
+            }
 
             return GetFileResult(file, file);
         }
@@ -96,7 +108,9 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         [HttpDelete("Videos/ActiveEncodings")]
         [Authorize(Policy = Policies.DefaultAuthorization)]
         [ProducesResponseType(StatusCodes.Status204NoContent)]
-        public ActionResult StopEncodingProcess([FromQuery] string deviceId, [FromQuery] string playSessionId)
+        public ActionResult StopEncodingProcess(
+            [FromQuery, Required] string deviceId,
+            [FromQuery, Required] string playSessionId)
         {
             _transcodingJobHelper.KillTranscodingJobs(deviceId, playSessionId, path => true);
             return NoContent();
@@ -128,7 +142,12 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             var file = segmentId + Path.GetExtension(Request.Path);
             var transcodeFolderPath = _serverConfigurationManager.GetTranscodePath();
 
-            file = Path.Combine(transcodeFolderPath, file);
+            file = Path.GetFullPath(Path.Combine(transcodeFolderPath, file));
+            var fileDir = Path.GetDirectoryName(file);
+            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(fileDir) || !fileDir.StartsWith(transcodeFolderPath))
+            {
+                return BadRequest("Invalid segment.");
+            }
 
             var normalizedPlaylistId = playlistId;
 
diff --git a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/ImageByNameController.cs b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/ImageByNameController.cs
index 198dbc51f..e1b808098 100644
--- a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/ImageByNameController.cs
+++ b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/ImageByNameController.cs
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                 : type;
 
             var path = BaseItem.SupportedImageExtensions
-                .Select(i => Path.Combine(_applicationPaths.GeneralPath, name, filename + i))
+                .Select(i => Path.GetFullPath(Path.Combine(_applicationPaths.GeneralPath, name, filename + i)))
                 .FirstOrDefault(System.IO.File.Exists);
 
             if (path == null)
@@ -82,6 +82,11 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                 return NotFound();
             }
 
+            if (!path.StartsWith(_applicationPaths.GeneralPath))
+            {
+                return BadRequest("Invalid image path.");
+            }
+
             var contentType = MimeTypes.GetMimeType(path);
             return File(System.IO.File.OpenRead(path), contentType);
         }
@@ -163,7 +168,8 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         /// <returns>A <see cref="FileStreamResult"/> containing the image contents on success, or a <see cref="NotFoundResult"/> if the image could not be found.</returns>
         private ActionResult GetImageFile(string basePath, string theme, string? name)
         {
-            var themeFolder = Path.Combine(basePath, theme);
+            var themeFolder = Path.GetFullPath(Path.Combine(basePath, theme));
+
             if (Directory.Exists(themeFolder))
             {
                 var path = BaseItem.SupportedImageExtensions.Select(i => Path.Combine(themeFolder, name + i))
@@ -171,12 +177,18 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
 
                 if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(path) && System.IO.File.Exists(path))
                 {
+                    if (!path.StartsWith(basePath))
+                    {
+                        return BadRequest("Invalid image path.");
+                    }
+
                     var contentType = MimeTypes.GetMimeType(path);
+
                     return PhysicalFile(path, contentType);
                 }
             }
 
-            var allFolder = Path.Combine(basePath, "all");
+            var allFolder = Path.GetFullPath(Path.Combine(basePath, "all"));
             if (Directory.Exists(allFolder))
             {
                 var path = BaseItem.SupportedImageExtensions.Select(i => Path.Combine(allFolder, name + i))
@@ -184,6 +196,11 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
 
                 if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(path) && System.IO.File.Exists(path))
                 {
+                    if (!path.StartsWith(basePath))
+                    {
+                        return BadRequest("Invalid image path.");
+                    }
+
                     var contentType = MimeTypes.GetMimeType(path);
                     return PhysicalFile(path, contentType);
                 }
diff --git a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/ImageController.cs b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/ImageController.cs
index a50d6e46b..8f7500ac6 100644
--- a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/ImageController.cs
+++ b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/ImageController.cs
@@ -196,6 +196,11 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             }
 
             var user = _userManager.GetUserById(userId);
+            if (user?.ProfileImage == null)
+            {
+                return NoContent();
+            }
+
             try
             {
                 System.IO.File.Delete(user.ProfileImage.Path);
@@ -235,6 +240,11 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             }
 
             var user = _userManager.GetUserById(userId);
+            if (user?.ProfileImage == null)
+            {
+                return NoContent();
+            }
+
             try
             {
                 System.IO.File.Delete(user.ProfileImage.Path);
@@ -392,7 +402,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             [FromRoute, Required] Guid itemId,
             [FromRoute, Required] ImageType imageType,
             [FromRoute, Required] int imageIndex,
-            [FromQuery] int newIndex)
+            [FromQuery, Required] int newIndex)
         {
             var item = _libraryManager.GetItemById(itemId);
             if (item == null)
@@ -480,6 +490,8 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         /// <param name="width">The fixed image width to return.</param>
         /// <param name="height">The fixed image height to return.</param>
         /// <param name="quality">Optional. Quality setting, from 0-100. Defaults to 90 and should suffice in most cases.</param>
+        /// <param name="fillWidth">Width of box to fill.</param>
+        /// <param name="fillHeight">Height of box to fill.</param>
         /// <param name="tag">Optional. Supply the cache tag from the item object to receive strong caching headers.</param>
         /// <param name="cropWhitespace">Optional. Specify if whitespace should be cropped out of the image. True/False. If unspecified, whitespace will be cropped from logos and clear art.</param>
         /// <param name="format">Optional. The <see cref="ImageFormat"/> of the returned image.</param>
@@ -509,8 +521,10 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             [FromQuery] int? width,
             [FromQuery] int? height,
             [FromQuery] int? quality,
+            [FromQuery] int? fillWidth,
+            [FromQuery] int? fillHeight,
             [FromQuery] string? tag,
-            [FromQuery] bool? cropWhitespace,
+            [FromQuery, ParameterObsolete] bool? cropWhitespace,
             [FromQuery] ImageFormat? format,
             [FromQuery] bool? addPlayedIndicator,
             [FromQuery] double? percentPlayed,
@@ -539,7 +553,8 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                     width,
                     height,
                     quality,
-                    cropWhitespace,
+                    fillWidth,
+                    fillHeight,
                     addPlayedIndicator,
                     blur,
                     backgroundColor,
@@ -560,6 +575,8 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         /// <param name="width">The fixed image width to return.</param>
         /// <param name="height">The fixed image height to return.</param>
         /// <param name="quality">Optional. Quality setting, from 0-100. Defaults to 90 and should suffice in most cases.</param>
+        /// <param name="fillWidth">Width of box to fill.</param>
+        /// <param name="fillHeight">Height of box to fill.</param>
         /// <param name="tag">Optional. Supply the cache tag from the item object to receive strong caching headers.</param>
         /// <param name="cropWhitespace">Optional. Specify if whitespace should be cropped out of the image. True/False. If unspecified, whitespace will be cropped from logos and clear art.</param>
         /// <param name="format">Optional. The <see cref="ImageFormat"/> of the returned image.</param>
@@ -589,8 +606,10 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             [FromQuery] int? width,
             [FromQuery] int? height,
             [FromQuery] int? quality,
+            [FromQuery] int? fillWidth,
+            [FromQuery] int? fillHeight,
             [FromQuery] string? tag,
-            [FromQuery] bool? cropWhitespace,
+            [FromQuery, ParameterObsolete] bool? cropWhitespace,
             [FromQuery] ImageFormat? format,
             [FromQuery] bool? addPlayedIndicator,
             [FromQuery] double? percentPlayed,
@@ -618,7 +637,8 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                     width,
                     height,
                     quality,
-                    cropWhitespace,
+                    fillWidth,
+                    fillHeight,
                     addPlayedIndicator,
                     blur,
                     backgroundColor,
@@ -638,6 +658,8 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         /// <param name="width">The fixed image width to return.</param>
         /// <param name="height">The fixed image height to return.</param>
         /// <param name="quality">Optional. Quality setting, from 0-100. Defaults to 90 and should suffice in most cases.</param>
+        /// <param name="fillWidth">Width of box to fill.</param>
+        /// <param name="fillHeight">Height of box to fill.</param>
         /// <param name="tag">Optional. Supply the cache tag from the item object to receive strong caching headers.</param>
         /// <param name="cropWhitespace">Optional. Specify if whitespace should be cropped out of the image. True/False. If unspecified, whitespace will be cropped from logos and clear art.</param>
         /// <param name="format">Determines the output format of the image - original,gif,jpg,png.</param>
@@ -667,8 +689,10 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             [FromQuery] int? width,
             [FromQuery] int? height,
             [FromQuery] int? quality,
+            [FromQuery] int? fillWidth,
+            [FromQuery] int? fillHeight,
             [FromRoute, Required] string tag,
-            [FromQuery] bool? cropWhitespace,
+            [FromQuery, ParameterObsolete] bool? cropWhitespace,
             [FromRoute, Required] ImageFormat format,
             [FromQuery] bool? addPlayedIndicator,
             [FromRoute, Required] double percentPlayed,
@@ -697,7 +721,8 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                     width,
                     height,
                     quality,
-                    cropWhitespace,
+                    fillWidth,
+                    fillHeight,
                     addPlayedIndicator,
                     blur,
                     backgroundColor,
@@ -721,6 +746,8 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         /// <param name="width">The fixed image width to return.</param>
         /// <param name="height">The fixed image height to return.</param>
         /// <param name="quality">Optional. Quality setting, from 0-100. Defaults to 90 and should suffice in most cases.</param>
+        /// <param name="fillWidth">Width of box to fill.</param>
+        /// <param name="fillHeight">Height of box to fill.</param>
         /// <param name="cropWhitespace">Optional. Specify if whitespace should be cropped out of the image. True/False. If unspecified, whitespace will be cropped from logos and clear art.</param>
         /// <param name="addPlayedIndicator">Optional. Add a played indicator.</param>
         /// <param name="blur">Optional. Blur image.</param>
@@ -741,7 +768,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         public async Task<ActionResult> GetArtistImage(
             [FromRoute, Required] string name,
             [FromRoute, Required] ImageType imageType,
-            [FromQuery] string tag,
+            [FromQuery] string? tag,
             [FromQuery] ImageFormat? format,
             [FromQuery] int? maxWidth,
             [FromQuery] int? maxHeight,
@@ -750,7 +777,9 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             [FromQuery] int? width,
             [FromQuery] int? height,
             [FromQuery] int? quality,
-            [FromQuery] bool? cropWhitespace,
+            [FromQuery] int? fillWidth,
+            [FromQuery] int? fillHeight,
+            [FromQuery, ParameterObsolete] bool? cropWhitespace,
             [FromQuery] bool? addPlayedIndicator,
             [FromQuery] int? blur,
             [FromQuery] string? backgroundColor,
@@ -776,7 +805,8 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                     width,
                     height,
                     quality,
-                    cropWhitespace,
+                    fillWidth,
+                    fillHeight,
                     addPlayedIndicator,
                     blur,
                     backgroundColor,
@@ -800,6 +830,8 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         /// <param name="width">The fixed image width to return.</param>
         /// <param name="height">The fixed image height to return.</param>
         /// <param name="quality">Optional. Quality setting, from 0-100. Defaults to 90 and should suffice in most cases.</param>
+        /// <param name="fillWidth">Width of box to fill.</param>
+        /// <param name="fillHeight">Height of box to fill.</param>
         /// <param name="cropWhitespace">Optional. Specify if whitespace should be cropped out of the image. True/False. If unspecified, whitespace will be cropped from logos and clear art.</param>
         /// <param name="addPlayedIndicator">Optional. Add a played indicator.</param>
         /// <param name="blur">Optional. Blur image.</param>
@@ -820,7 +852,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         public async Task<ActionResult> GetGenreImage(
             [FromRoute, Required] string name,
             [FromRoute, Required] ImageType imageType,
-            [FromQuery] string tag,
+            [FromQuery] string? tag,
             [FromQuery] ImageFormat? format,
             [FromQuery] int? maxWidth,
             [FromQuery] int? maxHeight,
@@ -829,7 +861,9 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             [FromQuery] int? width,
             [FromQuery] int? height,
             [FromQuery] int? quality,
-            [FromQuery] bool? cropWhitespace,
+            [FromQuery] int? fillWidth,
+            [FromQuery] int? fillHeight,
+            [FromQuery, ParameterObsolete] bool? cropWhitespace,
             [FromQuery] bool? addPlayedIndicator,
             [FromQuery] int? blur,
             [FromQuery] string? backgroundColor,
@@ -855,7 +889,8 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                     width,
                     height,
                     quality,
-                    cropWhitespace,
+                    fillWidth,
+                    fillHeight,
                     addPlayedIndicator,
                     blur,
                     backgroundColor,
@@ -880,6 +915,8 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         /// <param name="width">The fixed image width to return.</param>
         /// <param name="height">The fixed image height to return.</param>
         /// <param name="quality">Optional. Quality setting, from 0-100. Defaults to 90 and should suffice in most cases.</param>
+        /// <param name="fillWidth">Width of box to fill.</param>
+        /// <param name="fillHeight">Height of box to fill.</param>
         /// <param name="cropWhitespace">Optional. Specify if whitespace should be cropped out of the image. True/False. If unspecified, whitespace will be cropped from logos and clear art.</param>
         /// <param name="addPlayedIndicator">Optional. Add a played indicator.</param>
         /// <param name="blur">Optional. Blur image.</param>
@@ -900,7 +937,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             [FromRoute, Required] string name,
             [FromRoute, Required] ImageType imageType,
             [FromRoute, Required] int imageIndex,
-            [FromQuery] string tag,
+            [FromQuery] string? tag,
             [FromQuery] ImageFormat? format,
             [FromQuery] int? maxWidth,
             [FromQuery] int? maxHeight,
@@ -909,7 +946,9 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             [FromQuery] int? width,
             [FromQuery] int? height,
             [FromQuery] int? quality,
-            [FromQuery] bool? cropWhitespace,
+            [FromQuery] int? fillWidth,
+            [FromQuery] int? fillHeight,
+            [FromQuery, ParameterObsolete] bool? cropWhitespace,
             [FromQuery] bool? addPlayedIndicator,
             [FromQuery] int? blur,
             [FromQuery] string? backgroundColor,
@@ -934,7 +973,8 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                     width,
                     height,
                     quality,
-                    cropWhitespace,
+                    fillWidth,
+                    fillHeight,
                     addPlayedIndicator,
                     blur,
                     backgroundColor,
@@ -958,6 +998,8 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         /// <param name="width">The fixed image width to return.</param>
         /// <param name="height">The fixed image height to return.</param>
         /// <param name="quality">Optional. Quality setting, from 0-100. Defaults to 90 and should suffice in most cases.</param>
+        /// <param name="fillWidth">Width of box to fill.</param>
+        /// <param name="fillHeight">Height of box to fill.</param>
         /// <param name="cropWhitespace">Optional. Specify if whitespace should be cropped out of the image. True/False. If unspecified, whitespace will be cropped from logos and clear art.</param>
         /// <param name="addPlayedIndicator">Optional. Add a played indicator.</param>
         /// <param name="blur">Optional. Blur image.</param>
@@ -978,7 +1020,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         public async Task<ActionResult> GetMusicGenreImage(
             [FromRoute, Required] string name,
             [FromRoute, Required] ImageType imageType,
-            [FromQuery] string tag,
+            [FromQuery] string? tag,
             [FromQuery] ImageFormat? format,
             [FromQuery] int? maxWidth,
             [FromQuery] int? maxHeight,
@@ -987,7 +1029,9 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             [FromQuery] int? width,
             [FromQuery] int? height,
             [FromQuery] int? quality,
-            [FromQuery] bool? cropWhitespace,
+            [FromQuery] int? fillWidth,
+            [FromQuery] int? fillHeight,
+            [FromQuery, ParameterObsolete] bool? cropWhitespace,
             [FromQuery] bool? addPlayedIndicator,
             [FromQuery] int? blur,
             [FromQuery] string? backgroundColor,
@@ -1013,7 +1057,8 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                     width,
                     height,
                     quality,
-                    cropWhitespace,
+                    fillWidth,
+                    fillHeight,
                     addPlayedIndicator,
                     blur,
                     backgroundColor,
@@ -1038,6 +1083,8 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         /// <param name="width">The fixed image width to return.</param>
         /// <param name="height">The fixed image height to return.</param>
         /// <param name="quality">Optional. Quality setting, from 0-100. Defaults to 90 and should suffice in most cases.</param>
+        /// <param name="fillWidth">Width of box to fill.</param>
+        /// <param name="fillHeight">Height of box to fill.</param>
         /// <param name="cropWhitespace">Optional. Specify if whitespace should be cropped out of the image. True/False. If unspecified, whitespace will be cropped from logos and clear art.</param>
         /// <param name="addPlayedIndicator">Optional. Add a played indicator.</param>
         /// <param name="blur">Optional. Blur image.</param>
@@ -1058,7 +1105,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             [FromRoute, Required] string name,
             [FromRoute, Required] ImageType imageType,
             [FromRoute, Required] int imageIndex,
-            [FromQuery] string tag,
+            [FromQuery] string? tag,
             [FromQuery] ImageFormat? format,
             [FromQuery] int? maxWidth,
             [FromQuery] int? maxHeight,
@@ -1067,7 +1114,9 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             [FromQuery] int? width,
             [FromQuery] int? height,
             [FromQuery] int? quality,
-            [FromQuery] bool? cropWhitespace,
+            [FromQuery] int? fillWidth,
+            [FromQuery] int? fillHeight,
+            [FromQuery, ParameterObsolete] bool? cropWhitespace,
             [FromQuery] bool? addPlayedIndicator,
             [FromQuery] int? blur,
             [FromQuery] string? backgroundColor,
@@ -1092,7 +1141,8 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                     width,
                     height,
                     quality,
-                    cropWhitespace,
+                    fillWidth,
+                    fillHeight,
                     addPlayedIndicator,
                     blur,
                     backgroundColor,
@@ -1116,6 +1166,8 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         /// <param name="width">The fixed image width to return.</param>
         /// <param name="height">The fixed image height to return.</param>
         /// <param name="quality">Optional. Quality setting, from 0-100. Defaults to 90 and should suffice in most cases.</param>
+        /// <param name="fillWidth">Width of box to fill.</param>
+        /// <param name="fillHeight">Height of box to fill.</param>
         /// <param name="cropWhitespace">Optional. Specify if whitespace should be cropped out of the image. True/False. If unspecified, whitespace will be cropped from logos and clear art.</param>
         /// <param name="addPlayedIndicator">Optional. Add a played indicator.</param>
         /// <param name="blur">Optional. Blur image.</param>
@@ -1136,7 +1188,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         public async Task<ActionResult> GetPersonImage(
             [FromRoute, Required] string name,
             [FromRoute, Required] ImageType imageType,
-            [FromQuery] string tag,
+            [FromQuery] string? tag,
             [FromQuery] ImageFormat? format,
             [FromQuery] int? maxWidth,
             [FromQuery] int? maxHeight,
@@ -1145,7 +1197,9 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             [FromQuery] int? width,
             [FromQuery] int? height,
             [FromQuery] int? quality,
-            [FromQuery] bool? cropWhitespace,
+            [FromQuery] int? fillWidth,
+            [FromQuery] int? fillHeight,
+            [FromQuery, ParameterObsolete] bool? cropWhitespace,
             [FromQuery] bool? addPlayedIndicator,
             [FromQuery] int? blur,
             [FromQuery] string? backgroundColor,
@@ -1171,7 +1225,8 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                     width,
                     height,
                     quality,
-                    cropWhitespace,
+                    fillWidth,
+                    fillHeight,
                     addPlayedIndicator,
                     blur,
                     backgroundColor,
@@ -1196,6 +1251,8 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         /// <param name="width">The fixed image width to return.</param>
         /// <param name="height">The fixed image height to return.</param>
         /// <param name="quality">Optional. Quality setting, from 0-100. Defaults to 90 and should suffice in most cases.</param>
+        /// <param name="fillWidth">Width of box to fill.</param>
+        /// <param name="fillHeight">Height of box to fill.</param>
         /// <param name="cropWhitespace">Optional. Specify if whitespace should be cropped out of the image. True/False. If unspecified, whitespace will be cropped from logos and clear art.</param>
         /// <param name="addPlayedIndicator">Optional. Add a played indicator.</param>
         /// <param name="blur">Optional. Blur image.</param>
@@ -1216,7 +1273,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             [FromRoute, Required] string name,
             [FromRoute, Required] ImageType imageType,
             [FromRoute, Required] int imageIndex,
-            [FromQuery] string tag,
+            [FromQuery] string? tag,
             [FromQuery] ImageFormat? format,
             [FromQuery] int? maxWidth,
             [FromQuery] int? maxHeight,
@@ -1225,7 +1282,9 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             [FromQuery] int? width,
             [FromQuery] int? height,
             [FromQuery] int? quality,
-            [FromQuery] bool? cropWhitespace,
+            [FromQuery] int? fillWidth,
+            [FromQuery] int? fillHeight,
+            [FromQuery, ParameterObsolete] bool? cropWhitespace,
             [FromQuery] bool? addPlayedIndicator,
             [FromQuery] int? blur,
             [FromQuery] string? backgroundColor,
@@ -1250,7 +1309,8 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                     width,
                     height,
                     quality,
-                    cropWhitespace,
+                    fillWidth,
+                    fillHeight,
                     addPlayedIndicator,
                     blur,
                     backgroundColor,
@@ -1274,6 +1334,8 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         /// <param name="width">The fixed image width to return.</param>
         /// <param name="height">The fixed image height to return.</param>
         /// <param name="quality">Optional. Quality setting, from 0-100. Defaults to 90 and should suffice in most cases.</param>
+        /// <param name="fillWidth">Width of box to fill.</param>
+        /// <param name="fillHeight">Height of box to fill.</param>
         /// <param name="cropWhitespace">Optional. Specify if whitespace should be cropped out of the image. True/False. If unspecified, whitespace will be cropped from logos and clear art.</param>
         /// <param name="addPlayedIndicator">Optional. Add a played indicator.</param>
         /// <param name="blur">Optional. Blur image.</param>
@@ -1303,7 +1365,9 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             [FromQuery] int? width,
             [FromQuery] int? height,
             [FromQuery] int? quality,
-            [FromQuery] bool? cropWhitespace,
+            [FromQuery] int? fillWidth,
+            [FromQuery] int? fillHeight,
+            [FromQuery, ParameterObsolete] bool? cropWhitespace,
             [FromQuery] bool? addPlayedIndicator,
             [FromQuery] int? blur,
             [FromQuery] string? backgroundColor,
@@ -1329,7 +1393,8 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                     width,
                     height,
                     quality,
-                    cropWhitespace,
+                    fillWidth,
+                    fillHeight,
                     addPlayedIndicator,
                     blur,
                     backgroundColor,
@@ -1354,6 +1419,8 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         /// <param name="width">The fixed image width to return.</param>
         /// <param name="height">The fixed image height to return.</param>
         /// <param name="quality">Optional. Quality setting, from 0-100. Defaults to 90 and should suffice in most cases.</param>
+        /// <param name="fillWidth">Width of box to fill.</param>
+        /// <param name="fillHeight">Height of box to fill.</param>
         /// <param name="cropWhitespace">Optional. Specify if whitespace should be cropped out of the image. True/False. If unspecified, whitespace will be cropped from logos and clear art.</param>
         /// <param name="addPlayedIndicator">Optional. Add a played indicator.</param>
         /// <param name="blur">Optional. Blur image.</param>
@@ -1383,7 +1450,9 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             [FromQuery] int? width,
             [FromQuery] int? height,
             [FromQuery] int? quality,
-            [FromQuery] bool? cropWhitespace,
+            [FromQuery] int? fillWidth,
+            [FromQuery] int? fillHeight,
+            [FromQuery, ParameterObsolete] bool? cropWhitespace,
             [FromQuery] bool? addPlayedIndicator,
             [FromQuery] int? blur,
             [FromQuery] string? backgroundColor,
@@ -1408,7 +1477,8 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                     width,
                     height,
                     quality,
-                    cropWhitespace,
+                    fillWidth,
+                    fillHeight,
                     addPlayedIndicator,
                     blur,
                     backgroundColor,
@@ -1432,6 +1502,8 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         /// <param name="width">The fixed image width to return.</param>
         /// <param name="height">The fixed image height to return.</param>
         /// <param name="quality">Optional. Quality setting, from 0-100. Defaults to 90 and should suffice in most cases.</param>
+        /// <param name="fillWidth">Width of box to fill.</param>
+        /// <param name="fillHeight">Height of box to fill.</param>
         /// <param name="cropWhitespace">Optional. Specify if whitespace should be cropped out of the image. True/False. If unspecified, whitespace will be cropped from logos and clear art.</param>
         /// <param name="addPlayedIndicator">Optional. Add a played indicator.</param>
         /// <param name="blur">Optional. Blur image.</param>
@@ -1461,7 +1533,9 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             [FromQuery] int? width,
             [FromQuery] int? height,
             [FromQuery] int? quality,
-            [FromQuery] bool? cropWhitespace,
+            [FromQuery] int? fillWidth,
+            [FromQuery] int? fillHeight,
+            [FromQuery, ParameterObsolete] bool? cropWhitespace,
             [FromQuery] bool? addPlayedIndicator,
             [FromQuery] int? blur,
             [FromQuery] string? backgroundColor,
@@ -1469,7 +1543,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             [FromQuery] int? imageIndex)
         {
             var user = _userManager.GetUserById(userId);
-            if (user == null)
+            if (user?.ProfileImage == null)
             {
                 return NotFound();
             }
@@ -1504,7 +1578,8 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                     width,
                     height,
                     quality,
-                    cropWhitespace,
+                    fillWidth,
+                    fillHeight,
                     addPlayedIndicator,
                     blur,
                     backgroundColor,
@@ -1530,6 +1605,8 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         /// <param name="width">The fixed image width to return.</param>
         /// <param name="height">The fixed image height to return.</param>
         /// <param name="quality">Optional. Quality setting, from 0-100. Defaults to 90 and should suffice in most cases.</param>
+        /// <param name="fillWidth">Width of box to fill.</param>
+        /// <param name="fillHeight">Height of box to fill.</param>
         /// <param name="cropWhitespace">Optional. Specify if whitespace should be cropped out of the image. True/False. If unspecified, whitespace will be cropped from logos and clear art.</param>
         /// <param name="addPlayedIndicator">Optional. Add a played indicator.</param>
         /// <param name="blur">Optional. Blur image.</param>
@@ -1559,7 +1636,9 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             [FromQuery] int? width,
             [FromQuery] int? height,
             [FromQuery] int? quality,
-            [FromQuery] bool? cropWhitespace,
+            [FromQuery] int? fillWidth,
+            [FromQuery] int? fillHeight,
+            [FromQuery, ParameterObsolete] bool? cropWhitespace,
             [FromQuery] bool? addPlayedIndicator,
             [FromQuery] int? blur,
             [FromQuery] string? backgroundColor,
@@ -1601,7 +1680,8 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                     width,
                     height,
                     quality,
-                    cropWhitespace,
+                    fillWidth,
+                    fillHeight,
                     addPlayedIndicator,
                     blur,
                     backgroundColor,
@@ -1685,7 +1765,8 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             int? width,
             int? height,
             int? quality,
-            bool? cropWhitespace,
+            int? fillWidth,
+            int? fillHeight,
             bool? addPlayedIndicator,
             int? blur,
             string? backgroundColor,
@@ -1727,8 +1808,6 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                 }
             }
 
-            cropWhitespace ??= imageType == ImageType.Logo || imageType == ImageType.Art;
-
             var outputFormats = GetOutputFormats(format);
 
             TimeSpan? cacheDuration = null;
@@ -1748,11 +1827,13 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                 item,
                 itemId,
                 imageIndex,
+                width,
                 height,
-                maxHeight,
                 maxWidth,
+                maxHeight,
+                fillWidth,
+                fillHeight,
                 quality,
-                width,
                 addPlayedIndicator,
                 percentPlayed,
                 unplayedCount,
@@ -1760,7 +1841,6 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                 backgroundColor,
                 foregroundLayer,
                 imageInfo,
-                cropWhitespace.Value,
                 outputFormats,
                 cacheDuration,
                 responseHeaders,
@@ -1779,17 +1859,15 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
 
         private ImageFormat[] GetClientSupportedFormats()
         {
-            var acceptTypes = Request.Headers[HeaderNames.Accept];
-            var supportedFormats = new List<string>();
-            if (acceptTypes.Count > 0)
+            var supportedFormats = Request.Headers.GetCommaSeparatedValues(HeaderNames.Accept);
+            for (var i = 0; i < supportedFormats.Length; i++)
             {
-                foreach (var type in acceptTypes)
+                // Remove charsets etc. (anything after semi-colon)
+                var type = supportedFormats[i];
+                int index = type.IndexOf(';', StringComparison.Ordinal);
+                if (index != -1)
                 {
-                    int index = type.IndexOf(';', StringComparison.Ordinal);
-                    if (index != -1)
-                    {
-                        supportedFormats.Add(type.Substring(0, index));
-                    }
+                    supportedFormats[i] = type.Substring(0, index);
                 }
             }
 
@@ -1847,11 +1925,13 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             BaseItem? item,
             Guid itemId,
             int? index,
+            int? width,
             int? height,
-            int? maxHeight,
             int? maxWidth,
+            int? maxHeight,
+            int? fillWidth,
+            int? fillHeight,
             int? quality,
-            int? width,
             bool? addPlayedIndicator,
             double? percentPlayed,
             int? unplayedCount,
@@ -1859,7 +1939,6 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             string? backgroundColor,
             string? foregroundLayer,
             ItemImageInfo imageInfo,
-            bool cropWhitespace,
             IReadOnlyCollection<ImageFormat> supportedFormats,
             TimeSpan? cacheDuration,
             IDictionary<string, string> headers,
@@ -1872,7 +1951,6 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
 
             var options = new ImageProcessingOptions
             {
-                CropWhiteSpace = cropWhitespace,
                 Height = height,
                 ImageIndex = index ?? 0,
                 Image = imageInfo,
@@ -1880,6 +1958,8 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                 ItemId = itemId,
                 MaxHeight = maxHeight,
                 MaxWidth = maxWidth,
+                FillHeight = fillHeight,
+                FillWidth = fillWidth,
                 Quality = quality ?? 100,
                 Width = width,
                 AddPlayedIndicator = addPlayedIndicator ?? false,
diff --git a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/InstantMixController.cs b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/InstantMixController.cs
index f061755c3..f232dffaa 100644
--- a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/InstantMixController.cs
+++ b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/InstantMixController.cs
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         }
 
         /// <summary>
-        /// Creates an instant playlist based on a given song.
+        /// Creates an instant playlist based on a given album.
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="id">The item id.</param>
         /// <param name="userId">Optional. Filter by user id, and attach user data.</param>
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         }
 
         /// <summary>
-        /// Creates an instant playlist based on a given song.
+        /// Creates an instant playlist based on a given playlist.
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="id">The item id.</param>
         /// <param name="userId">Optional. Filter by user id, and attach user data.</param>
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         }
 
         /// <summary>
-        /// Creates an instant playlist based on a given song.
+        /// Creates an instant playlist based on a given genre.
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="name">The genre name.</param>
         /// <param name="userId">Optional. Filter by user id, and attach user data.</param>
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         /// <returns>A <see cref="QueryResult{BaseItemDto}"/> with the playlist items.</returns>
         [HttpGet("MusicGenres/{name}/InstantMix")]
         [ProducesResponseType(StatusCodes.Status200OK)]
-        public ActionResult<QueryResult<BaseItemDto>> GetInstantMixFromMusicGenre(
+        public ActionResult<QueryResult<BaseItemDto>> GetInstantMixFromMusicGenreByName(
             [FromRoute, Required] string name,
             [FromQuery] Guid? userId,
             [FromQuery] int? limit,
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         }
 
         /// <summary>
-        /// Creates an instant playlist based on a given song.
+        /// Creates an instant playlist based on a given artist.
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="id">The item id.</param>
         /// <param name="userId">Optional. Filter by user id, and attach user data.</param>
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         }
 
         /// <summary>
-        /// Creates an instant playlist based on a given song.
+        /// Creates an instant playlist based on a given genre.
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="id">The item id.</param>
         /// <param name="userId">Optional. Filter by user id, and attach user data.</param>
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         /// <returns>A <see cref="QueryResult{BaseItemDto}"/> with the playlist items.</returns>
         [HttpGet("MusicGenres/{id}/InstantMix")]
         [ProducesResponseType(StatusCodes.Status200OK)]
-        public ActionResult<QueryResult<BaseItemDto>> GetInstantMixFromMusicGenres(
+        public ActionResult<QueryResult<BaseItemDto>> GetInstantMixFromMusicGenreById(
             [FromRoute, Required] Guid id,
             [FromQuery] Guid? userId,
             [FromQuery] int? limit,
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         }
 
         /// <summary>
-        /// Creates an instant playlist based on a given song.
+        /// Creates an instant playlist based on a given item.
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="id">The item id.</param>
         /// <param name="userId">Optional. Filter by user id, and attach user data.</param>
@@ -300,6 +300,80 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             return GetResult(items, user, limit, dtoOptions);
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Creates an instant playlist based on a given artist.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="id">The item id.</param>
+        /// <param name="userId">Optional. Filter by user id, and attach user data.</param>
+        /// <param name="limit">Optional. The maximum number of records to return.</param>
+        /// <param name="fields">Optional. Specify additional fields of information to return in the output.</param>
+        /// <param name="enableImages">Optional. Include image information in output.</param>
+        /// <param name="enableUserData">Optional. Include user data.</param>
+        /// <param name="imageTypeLimit">Optional. The max number of images to return, per image type.</param>
+        /// <param name="enableImageTypes">Optional. The image types to include in the output.</param>
+        /// <response code="200">Instant playlist returned.</response>
+        /// <returns>A <see cref="QueryResult{BaseItemDto}"/> with the playlist items.</returns>
+        [HttpGet("Artists/InstantMix")]
+        [ProducesResponseType(StatusCodes.Status200OK)]
+        [Obsolete("Use GetInstantMixFromArtists")]
+        public ActionResult<QueryResult<BaseItemDto>> GetInstantMixFromArtists2(
+            [FromQuery, Required] Guid id,
+            [FromQuery] Guid? userId,
+            [FromQuery] int? limit,
+            [FromQuery, ModelBinder(typeof(CommaDelimitedArrayModelBinder))] ItemFields[] fields,
+            [FromQuery] bool? enableImages,
+            [FromQuery] bool? enableUserData,
+            [FromQuery] int? imageTypeLimit,
+            [FromQuery, ModelBinder(typeof(CommaDelimitedArrayModelBinder))] ImageType[] enableImageTypes)
+        {
+            return GetInstantMixFromArtists(
+                id,
+                userId,
+                limit,
+                fields,
+                enableImages,
+                enableUserData,
+                imageTypeLimit,
+                enableImageTypes);
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Creates an instant playlist based on a given genre.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="id">The item id.</param>
+        /// <param name="userId">Optional. Filter by user id, and attach user data.</param>
+        /// <param name="limit">Optional. The maximum number of records to return.</param>
+        /// <param name="fields">Optional. Specify additional fields of information to return in the output.</param>
+        /// <param name="enableImages">Optional. Include image information in output.</param>
+        /// <param name="enableUserData">Optional. Include user data.</param>
+        /// <param name="imageTypeLimit">Optional. The max number of images to return, per image type.</param>
+        /// <param name="enableImageTypes">Optional. The image types to include in the output.</param>
+        /// <response code="200">Instant playlist returned.</response>
+        /// <returns>A <see cref="QueryResult{BaseItemDto}"/> with the playlist items.</returns>
+        [HttpGet("MusicGenres/InstantMix")]
+        [ProducesResponseType(StatusCodes.Status200OK)]
+        [Obsolete("Use GetInstantMixFromMusicGenres instead")]
+        public ActionResult<QueryResult<BaseItemDto>> GetInstantMixFromMusicGenreById2(
+            [FromQuery, Required] Guid id,
+            [FromQuery] Guid? userId,
+            [FromQuery] int? limit,
+            [FromQuery, ModelBinder(typeof(CommaDelimitedArrayModelBinder))] ItemFields[] fields,
+            [FromQuery] bool? enableImages,
+            [FromQuery] bool? enableUserData,
+            [FromQuery] int? imageTypeLimit,
+            [FromQuery, ModelBinder(typeof(CommaDelimitedArrayModelBinder))] ImageType[] enableImageTypes)
+        {
+            return GetInstantMixFromMusicGenreById(
+                id,
+                userId,
+                limit,
+                fields,
+                enableImages,
+                enableUserData,
+                imageTypeLimit,
+                enableImageTypes);
+        }
+
         private QueryResult<BaseItemDto> GetResult(List<BaseItem> items, User? user, int? limit, DtoOptions dtoOptions)
         {
             var list = items;
diff --git a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/ItemLookupController.cs b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/ItemLookupController.cs
index dfc68ffce..9fa307858 100644
--- a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/ItemLookupController.cs
+++ b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/ItemLookupController.cs
@@ -238,48 +238,6 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         }
 
         /// <summary>
-        /// Gets a remote image.
-        /// </summary>
-        /// <param name="imageUrl">The image url.</param>
-        /// <param name="providerName">The provider name.</param>
-        /// <response code="200">Remote image retrieved.</response>
-        /// <returns>
-        /// A <see cref="Task" /> that represents the asynchronous operation to get the remote search results.
-        /// The task result contains an <see cref="FileStreamResult"/> containing the images file stream.
-        /// </returns>
-        [HttpGet("Items/RemoteSearch/Image")]
-        [ProducesResponseType(StatusCodes.Status200OK)]
-        [ProducesImageFile]
-        public async Task<ActionResult> GetRemoteSearchImage(
-            [FromQuery, Required] string imageUrl,
-            [FromQuery, Required] string providerName)
-        {
-            var urlHash = imageUrl.GetMD5();
-            var pointerCachePath = GetFullCachePath(urlHash.ToString());
-
-            try
-            {
-                var contentPath = await System.IO.File.ReadAllTextAsync(pointerCachePath).ConfigureAwait(false);
-                if (System.IO.File.Exists(contentPath))
-                {
-                    return PhysicalFile(contentPath, MimeTypes.GetMimeType(contentPath));
-                }
-            }
-            catch (FileNotFoundException)
-            {
-                // Means the file isn't cached yet
-            }
-            catch (IOException)
-            {
-                // Means the file isn't cached yet
-            }
-
-            await DownloadImage(providerName, imageUrl, urlHash, pointerCachePath).ConfigureAwait(false);
-            var updatedContentPath = await System.IO.File.ReadAllTextAsync(pointerCachePath).ConfigureAwait(false);
-            return PhysicalFile(updatedContentPath, MimeTypes.GetMimeType(updatedContentPath));
-        }
-
-        /// <summary>
         /// Applies search criteria to an item and refreshes metadata.
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="itemId">Item id.</param>
@@ -320,53 +278,5 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
 
             return NoContent();
         }
-
-        /// <summary>
-        /// Downloads the image.
-        /// </summary>
-        /// <param name="providerName">Name of the provider.</param>
-        /// <param name="url">The URL.</param>
-        /// <param name="urlHash">The URL hash.</param>
-        /// <param name="pointerCachePath">The pointer cache path.</param>
-        /// <returns>Task.</returns>
-        private async Task DownloadImage(string providerName, string url, Guid urlHash, string pointerCachePath)
-        {
-            using var result = await _providerManager.GetSearchImage(providerName, url, CancellationToken.None).ConfigureAwait(false);
-            if (result.Content.Headers.ContentType?.MediaType == null)
-            {
-                throw new ResourceNotFoundException(nameof(result.Content.Headers.ContentType));
-            }
-
-            var ext = result.Content.Headers.ContentType.MediaType.Split('/')[^1];
-            var fullCachePath = GetFullCachePath(urlHash + "." + ext);
-
-            var directory = Path.GetDirectoryName(fullCachePath) ?? throw new ResourceNotFoundException($"Provided path ({fullCachePath}) is not valid.");
-            Directory.CreateDirectory(directory);
-            using (var stream = result.Content)
-            {
-                await using var fileStream = new FileStream(
-                    fullCachePath,
-                    FileMode.Create,
-                    FileAccess.Write,
-                    FileShare.Read,
-                    IODefaults.FileStreamBufferSize,
-                    true);
-
-                await stream.CopyToAsync(fileStream).ConfigureAwait(false);
-            }
-
-            var pointerCacheDirectory = Path.GetDirectoryName(pointerCachePath) ?? throw new ArgumentException($"Provided path ({pointerCachePath}) is not valid.", nameof(pointerCachePath));
-
-            Directory.CreateDirectory(pointerCacheDirectory);
-            await System.IO.File.WriteAllTextAsync(pointerCachePath, fullCachePath).ConfigureAwait(false);
-        }
-
-        /// <summary>
-        /// Gets the full cache path.
-        /// </summary>
-        /// <param name="filename">The filename.</param>
-        /// <returns>System.String.</returns>
-        private string GetFullCachePath(string filename)
-            => Path.Combine(_appPaths.CachePath, "remote-images", filename.Substring(0, 1), filename);
     }
 }
diff --git a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/ItemUpdateController.cs b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/ItemUpdateController.cs
index 9e1a39853..a9f4a5a58 100644
--- a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/ItemUpdateController.cs
+++ b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/ItemUpdateController.cs
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         [HttpPost("Items/{itemId}/ContentType")]
         [ProducesResponseType(StatusCodes.Status204NoContent)]
         [ProducesResponseType(StatusCodes.Status404NotFound)]
-        public ActionResult UpdateItemContentType([FromRoute, Required] Guid itemId, [FromQuery] string contentType)
+        public ActionResult UpdateItemContentType([FromRoute, Required] Guid itemId, [FromQuery] string? contentType)
         {
             var item = _libraryManager.GetItemById(itemId);
             if (item == null)
diff --git a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/ItemsController.cs b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/ItemsController.cs
index 2c9760f6d..74cf3b162 100644
--- a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/ItemsController.cs
+++ b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/ItemsController.cs
@@ -246,8 +246,13 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                 folder = _libraryManager.GetUserRootFolder();
             }
 
-            if (folder is IHasCollectionType hasCollectionType
-                && string.Equals(hasCollectionType.CollectionType, CollectionType.Playlists, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+            string? collectionType = null;
+            if (folder is IHasCollectionType hasCollectionType)
+            {
+                collectionType = hasCollectionType.CollectionType;
+            }
+
+            if (string.Equals(collectionType, CollectionType.Playlists, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
             {
                 recursive = true;
                 includeItemTypes = new[] { BaseItemKind.Playlist };
@@ -270,10 +275,11 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                 }
             }
 
-            if (!(item is UserRootFolder)
+            if (item is not UserRootFolder
                 && !isInEnabledFolder
                 && !user.HasPermission(PermissionKind.EnableAllFolders)
-                && !user.HasPermission(PermissionKind.EnableAllChannels))
+                && !user.HasPermission(PermissionKind.EnableAllChannels)
+                && !string.Equals(collectionType, CollectionType.Folders, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
             {
                 _logger.LogWarning("{UserName} is not permitted to access Library {ItemName}.", user.Username, item.Name);
                 return Unauthorized($"{user.Username} is not permitted to access Library {item.Name}.");
diff --git a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/LibraryController.cs b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/LibraryController.cs
index db4aa9668..4ed15e1d5 100644
--- a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/LibraryController.cs
+++ b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/LibraryController.cs
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                 return NotFound();
             }
 
-            return PhysicalFile(item.Path, MimeTypes.GetMimeType(item.Path));
+            return PhysicalFile(item.Path, MimeTypes.GetMimeType(item.Path), true);
         }
 
         /// <summary>
@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         /// </summary>
         /// <response code="204">Library scan started.</response>
         /// <returns>A <see cref="NoContentResult"/>.</returns>
-        [HttpGet("Library/Refresh")]
+        [HttpPost("Library/Refresh")]
         [Authorize(Policy = Policies.RequiresElevation)]
         [ProducesResponseType(StatusCodes.Status204NoContent)]
         public async Task<ActionResult> RefreshLibrary()
@@ -590,17 +590,17 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         /// <summary>
         /// Reports that new movies have been added by an external source.
         /// </summary>
-        /// <param name="updates">A list of updated media paths.</param>
+        /// <param name="dto">The update paths.</param>
         /// <response code="204">Report success.</response>
         /// <returns>A <see cref="NoContentResult"/>.</returns>
         [HttpPost("Library/Media/Updated")]
         [Authorize(Policy = Policies.DefaultAuthorization)]
         [ProducesResponseType(StatusCodes.Status204NoContent)]
-        public ActionResult PostUpdatedMedia([FromBody, Required] MediaUpdateInfoDto[] updates)
+        public ActionResult PostUpdatedMedia([FromBody, Required] MediaUpdateInfoDto dto)
         {
-            foreach (var item in updates)
+            foreach (var item in dto.Updates)
             {
-                _libraryMonitor.ReportFileSystemChanged(item.Path);
+                _libraryMonitor.ReportFileSystemChanged(item.Path ?? throw new ArgumentException("Item path can't be null."));
             }
 
             return NoContent();
@@ -666,7 +666,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             }
 
             // TODO determine non-ASCII validity.
-            return PhysicalFile(path, MimeTypes.GetMimeType(path), filename);
+            return PhysicalFile(path, MimeTypes.GetMimeType(path), filename, true);
         }
 
         /// <summary>
@@ -777,7 +777,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         [ProducesResponseType(StatusCodes.Status200OK)]
         public ActionResult<LibraryOptionsResultDto> GetLibraryOptionsInfo(
             [FromQuery] string? libraryContentType,
-            [FromQuery] bool isNewLibrary)
+            [FromQuery] bool isNewLibrary = false)
         {
             var result = new LibraryOptionsResultDto();
 
diff --git a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/LibraryStructureController.cs b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/LibraryStructureController.cs
index 328efea26..be9127dd3 100644
--- a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/LibraryStructureController.cs
+++ b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/LibraryStructureController.cs
@@ -241,23 +241,20 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         /// <summary>
         /// Updates a media path.
         /// </summary>
-        /// <param name="name">The name of the library.</param>
-        /// <param name="pathInfo">The path info.</param>
+        /// <param name="mediaPathRequestDto">The name of the library and path infos.</param>
         /// <returns>A <see cref="NoContentResult"/>.</returns>
         /// <response code="204">Media path updated.</response>
         /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">The name of the library may not be empty.</exception>
         [HttpPost("Paths/Update")]
         [ProducesResponseType(StatusCodes.Status204NoContent)]
-        public ActionResult UpdateMediaPath(
-            [FromQuery] string? name,
-            [FromBody] MediaPathInfo? pathInfo)
+        public ActionResult UpdateMediaPath([FromBody, Required] UpdateMediaPathRequestDto mediaPathRequestDto)
         {
-            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(name))
+            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(mediaPathRequestDto.Name))
             {
-                throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(name));
+                throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(mediaPathRequestDto), "Name must not be null or empty");
             }
 
-            _libraryManager.UpdateMediaPath(name, pathInfo);
+            _libraryManager.UpdateMediaPath(mediaPathRequestDto.Name, mediaPathRequestDto.PathInfo);
             return NoContent();
         }
 
diff --git a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/MoviesController.cs b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/MoviesController.cs
index 4d788ad7d..d0a2358ae 100644
--- a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/MoviesController.cs
+++ b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/MoviesController.cs
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                     // nameof(LiveTvProgram)
                 },
                 // IsMovie = true
-                OrderBy = new[] { ItemSortBy.DatePlayed, ItemSortBy.Random }.Select(i => new ValueTuple<string, SortOrder>(i, SortOrder.Descending)).ToArray(),
+                OrderBy = new[] { (ItemSortBy.DatePlayed, SortOrder.Descending), (ItemSortBy.Random, SortOrder.Descending) },
                 Limit = 7,
                 ParentId = parentIdGuid,
                 Recursive = true,
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             {
                 IncludeItemTypes = itemTypes.ToArray(),
                 IsMovie = true,
-                OrderBy = new[] { ItemSortBy.Random }.Select(i => new ValueTuple<string, SortOrder>(i, SortOrder.Descending)).ToArray(),
+                OrderBy = new[] { (ItemSortBy.Random, SortOrder.Descending) },
                 Limit = 10,
                 IsFavoriteOrLiked = true,
                 ExcludeItemIds = recentlyPlayedMovies.Select(i => i.Id).ToArray(),
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                 DtoOptions = dtoOptions
             });
 
-            var mostRecentMovies = recentlyPlayedMovies.Take(6).ToList();
+            var mostRecentMovies = recentlyPlayedMovies.GetRange(0, Math.Min(recentlyPlayedMovies.Count, 6));
             // Get recently played directors
             var recentDirectors = GetDirectors(mostRecentMovies)
                 .ToList();
@@ -191,7 +191,8 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
 
             foreach (var name in names)
             {
-                var items = _libraryManager.GetItemList(new InternalItemsQuery(user)
+                var items = _libraryManager.GetItemList(
+                    new InternalItemsQuery(user)
                     {
                         Person = name,
                         // Account for duplicates by imdb id, since the database doesn't support this yet
diff --git a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/NotificationsController.cs b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/NotificationsController.cs
index 0ceda6815..420630cdf 100644
--- a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/NotificationsController.cs
+++ b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/NotificationsController.cs
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Threading;
 using Jellyfin.Api.Constants;
@@ -86,26 +87,19 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         /// <summary>
         /// Sends a notification to all admins.
         /// </summary>
-        /// <param name="url">The URL of the notification.</param>
-        /// <param name="level">The level of the notification.</param>
-        /// <param name="name">The name of the notification.</param>
-        /// <param name="description">The description of the notification.</param>
+        /// <param name="notificationDto">The notification request.</param>
         /// <response code="204">Notification sent.</response>
         /// <returns>A <cref see="NoContentResult"/>.</returns>
         [HttpPost("Admin")]
         [ProducesResponseType(StatusCodes.Status204NoContent)]
-        public ActionResult CreateAdminNotification(
-            [FromQuery] string? url,
-            [FromQuery] NotificationLevel? level,
-            [FromQuery] string name = "",
-            [FromQuery] string description = "")
+        public ActionResult CreateAdminNotification([FromBody, Required] AdminNotificationDto notificationDto)
         {
             var notification = new NotificationRequest
             {
-                Name = name,
-                Description = description,
-                Url = url,
-                Level = level ?? NotificationLevel.Normal,
+                Name = notificationDto.Name,
+                Description = notificationDto.Description,
+                Url = notificationDto.Url,
+                Level = notificationDto.NotificationLevel ?? NotificationLevel.Normal,
                 UserIds = _userManager.Users
                     .Where(user => user.HasPermission(PermissionKind.IsAdministrator))
                     .Select(user => user.Id)
@@ -114,7 +108,6 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             };
 
             _notificationManager.SendNotification(notification, CancellationToken.None);
-
             return NoContent();
         }
 
diff --git a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/PlaystateController.cs b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/PlaystateController.cs
index ec7b84ff6..f256c8c25 100644
--- a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/PlaystateController.cs
+++ b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/PlaystateController.cs
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         /// <returns>A <see cref="NoContentResult"/>.</returns>
         [HttpPost("Sessions/Playing/Ping")]
         [ProducesResponseType(StatusCodes.Status204NoContent)]
-        public ActionResult PingPlaybackSession([FromQuery] string playSessionId)
+        public ActionResult PingPlaybackSession([FromQuery, Required] string playSessionId)
         {
             _transcodingJobHelper.PingTranscodingJob(playSessionId, null);
             return NoContent();
@@ -202,9 +202,9 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             [FromQuery] string? mediaSourceId,
             [FromQuery] int? audioStreamIndex,
             [FromQuery] int? subtitleStreamIndex,
-            [FromQuery] PlayMethod playMethod,
+            [FromQuery] PlayMethod? playMethod,
             [FromQuery] string? liveStreamId,
-            [FromQuery] string playSessionId,
+            [FromQuery] string? playSessionId,
             [FromQuery] bool canSeek = false)
         {
             var playbackStartInfo = new PlaybackStartInfo
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                 MediaSourceId = mediaSourceId,
                 AudioStreamIndex = audioStreamIndex,
                 SubtitleStreamIndex = subtitleStreamIndex,
-                PlayMethod = playMethod,
+                PlayMethod = playMethod ?? PlayMethod.Transcode,
                 PlaySessionId = playSessionId,
                 LiveStreamId = liveStreamId
             };
@@ -254,10 +254,10 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             [FromQuery] int? audioStreamIndex,
             [FromQuery] int? subtitleStreamIndex,
             [FromQuery] int? volumeLevel,
-            [FromQuery] PlayMethod playMethod,
+            [FromQuery] PlayMethod? playMethod,
             [FromQuery] string? liveStreamId,
-            [FromQuery] string playSessionId,
-            [FromQuery] RepeatMode repeatMode,
+            [FromQuery] string? playSessionId,
+            [FromQuery] RepeatMode? repeatMode,
             [FromQuery] bool isPaused = false,
             [FromQuery] bool isMuted = false)
         {
@@ -271,10 +271,10 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                 AudioStreamIndex = audioStreamIndex,
                 SubtitleStreamIndex = subtitleStreamIndex,
                 VolumeLevel = volumeLevel,
-                PlayMethod = playMethod,
+                PlayMethod = playMethod ?? PlayMethod.Transcode,
                 PlaySessionId = playSessionId,
                 LiveStreamId = liveStreamId,
-                RepeatMode = repeatMode
+                RepeatMode = repeatMode ?? RepeatMode.RepeatNone
             };
 
             playbackProgressInfo.PlayMethod = ValidatePlayMethod(playbackProgressInfo.PlayMethod, playbackProgressInfo.PlaySessionId);
@@ -352,7 +352,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             return _userDataRepository.GetUserDataDto(item, user);
         }
 
-        private PlayMethod ValidatePlayMethod(PlayMethod method, string playSessionId)
+        private PlayMethod ValidatePlayMethod(PlayMethod method, string? playSessionId)
         {
             if (method == PlayMethod.Transcode)
             {
diff --git a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/PluginsController.cs b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/PluginsController.cs
index a5aa9bfca..7a6130719 100644
--- a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/PluginsController.cs
+++ b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/PluginsController.cs
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ using MediaBrowser.Common.Configuration;
 using MediaBrowser.Common.Json;
 using MediaBrowser.Common.Plugins;
 using MediaBrowser.Common.Updates;
-using MediaBrowser.Model.Configuration;
 using MediaBrowser.Model.Net;
 using MediaBrowser.Model.Plugins;
 using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization;
@@ -45,7 +44,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         {
             _installationManager = installationManager;
             _pluginManager = pluginManager;
-            _serializerOptions = JsonDefaults.GetOptions();
+            _serializerOptions = JsonDefaults.Options;
             _config = config;
         }
 
@@ -208,12 +207,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             var plugins = _pluginManager.Plugins.Where(p => p.Id.Equals(pluginId));
 
             // Select the un-instanced one first.
-            var plugin = plugins.FirstOrDefault(p => p.Instance == null);
-            if (plugin == null)
-            {
-                // Then by the status.
-                plugin = plugins.OrderBy(p => p.Manifest.Status).FirstOrDefault();
-            }
+            var plugin = plugins.FirstOrDefault(p => p.Instance == null) ?? plugins.OrderBy(p => p.Manifest.Status).FirstOrDefault();
 
             if (plugin != null)
             {
diff --git a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/RemoteImageController.cs b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/RemoteImageController.cs
index 5284888d8..ec836f43e 100644
--- a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/RemoteImageController.cs
+++ b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/RemoteImageController.cs
@@ -146,58 +146,6 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         }
 
         /// <summary>
-        /// Gets a remote image.
-        /// </summary>
-        /// <param name="imageUrl">The image url.</param>
-        /// <response code="200">Remote image returned.</response>
-        /// <response code="404">Remote image not found.</response>
-        /// <returns>Image Stream.</returns>
-        [HttpGet("Images/Remote")]
-        [Produces(MediaTypeNames.Application.Octet)]
-        [ProducesResponseType(StatusCodes.Status200OK)]
-        [ProducesResponseType(StatusCodes.Status404NotFound)]
-        [ProducesImageFile]
-        public async Task<ActionResult> GetRemoteImage([FromQuery, Required] Uri imageUrl)
-        {
-            var urlHash = imageUrl.ToString().GetMD5();
-            var pointerCachePath = GetFullCachePath(urlHash.ToString());
-
-            string? contentPath = null;
-            var hasFile = false;
-
-            try
-            {
-                contentPath = await System.IO.File.ReadAllTextAsync(pointerCachePath).ConfigureAwait(false);
-                if (System.IO.File.Exists(contentPath))
-                {
-                    hasFile = true;
-                }
-            }
-            catch (FileNotFoundException)
-            {
-                // The file isn't cached yet
-            }
-            catch (IOException)
-            {
-                // The file isn't cached yet
-            }
-
-            if (!hasFile)
-            {
-                await DownloadImage(imageUrl, urlHash, pointerCachePath).ConfigureAwait(false);
-                contentPath = await System.IO.File.ReadAllTextAsync(pointerCachePath).ConfigureAwait(false);
-            }
-
-            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(contentPath))
-            {
-                return NotFound();
-            }
-
-            var contentType = MimeTypes.GetMimeType(contentPath);
-            return PhysicalFile(contentPath, contentType);
-        }
-
-        /// <summary>
         /// Downloads a remote image for an item.
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="itemId">Item Id.</param>
@@ -259,7 +207,8 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
 
             var fullCacheDirectory = Path.GetDirectoryName(fullCachePath) ?? throw new ResourceNotFoundException($"Provided path ({fullCachePath}) is not valid.");
             Directory.CreateDirectory(fullCacheDirectory);
-            await using var fileStream = new FileStream(fullCachePath, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.Read, IODefaults.FileStreamBufferSize, true);
+            // use FileShare.None as this bypasses dotnet bug dotnet/runtime#42790 .
+            await using var fileStream = new FileStream(fullCachePath, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.None, IODefaults.FileStreamBufferSize, true);
             await response.Content.CopyToAsync(fileStream).ConfigureAwait(false);
 
             var pointerCacheDirectory = Path.GetDirectoryName(pointerCachePath) ?? throw new ArgumentException($"Provided path ({pointerCachePath}) is not valid.", nameof(pointerCachePath));
diff --git a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/SearchController.cs b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/SearchController.cs
index 6c22050a7..73bdf9018 100644
--- a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/SearchController.cs
+++ b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/SearchController.cs
@@ -228,10 +228,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                 itemWithImage = GetParentWithImage<Series>(item, ImageType.Thumb);
             }
 
-            if (itemWithImage == null)
-            {
-                itemWithImage = GetParentWithImage<BaseItem>(item, ImageType.Thumb);
-            }
+            itemWithImage ??= GetParentWithImage<BaseItem>(item, ImageType.Thumb);
 
             if (itemWithImage != null)
             {
diff --git a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/SessionController.cs b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/SessionController.cs
index e2269a2ce..7bd0b6918 100644
--- a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/SessionController.cs
+++ b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/SessionController.cs
@@ -153,6 +153,10 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         /// <param name="playCommand">The type of play command to issue (PlayNow, PlayNext, PlayLast). Clients who have not yet implemented play next and play last may play now.</param>
         /// <param name="itemIds">The ids of the items to play, comma delimited.</param>
         /// <param name="startPositionTicks">The starting position of the first item.</param>
+        /// <param name="mediaSourceId">Optional. The media source id.</param>
+        /// <param name="audioStreamIndex">Optional. The index of the audio stream to play.</param>
+        /// <param name="subtitleStreamIndex">Optional. The index of the subtitle stream to play.</param>
+        /// <param name="startIndex">Optional. The start index.</param>
         /// <response code="204">Instruction sent to session.</response>
         /// <returns>A <see cref="NoContentResult"/>.</returns>
         [HttpPost("Sessions/{sessionId}/Playing")]
@@ -162,13 +166,21 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             [FromRoute, Required] string sessionId,
             [FromQuery, Required] PlayCommand playCommand,
             [FromQuery, Required, ModelBinder(typeof(CommaDelimitedArrayModelBinder))] Guid[] itemIds,
-            [FromQuery] long? startPositionTicks)
+            [FromQuery] long? startPositionTicks,
+            [FromQuery] string? mediaSourceId,
+            [FromQuery] int? audioStreamIndex,
+            [FromQuery] int? subtitleStreamIndex,
+            [FromQuery] int? startIndex)
         {
             var playRequest = new PlayRequest
             {
                 ItemIds = itemIds,
                 StartPositionTicks = startPositionTicks,
-                PlayCommand = playCommand
+                PlayCommand = playCommand,
+                MediaSourceId = mediaSourceId,
+                AudioStreamIndex = audioStreamIndex,
+                SubtitleStreamIndex = subtitleStreamIndex,
+                StartIndex = startIndex
             };
 
             _sessionManager.SendPlayCommand(
@@ -301,9 +313,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         /// Issues a command to a client to display a message to the user.
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="sessionId">The session id.</param>
-        /// <param name="text">The message test.</param>
-        /// <param name="header">The message header.</param>
-        /// <param name="timeoutMs">The message timeout. If omitted the user will have to confirm viewing the message.</param>
+        /// <param name="command">The <see cref="MessageCommand" /> object containing Header, Message Text, and TimeoutMs.</param>
         /// <response code="204">Message sent.</response>
         /// <returns>A <see cref="NoContentResult"/>.</returns>
         [HttpPost("Sessions/{sessionId}/Message")]
@@ -311,16 +321,12 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         [ProducesResponseType(StatusCodes.Status204NoContent)]
         public ActionResult SendMessageCommand(
             [FromRoute, Required] string sessionId,
-            [FromQuery, Required] string text,
-            [FromQuery] string? header,
-            [FromQuery] long? timeoutMs)
+            [FromBody, Required] MessageCommand command)
         {
-            var command = new MessageCommand
+            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(command.Header))
             {
-                Header = string.IsNullOrEmpty(header) ? "Message from Server" : header,
-                TimeoutMs = timeoutMs,
-                Text = text
-            };
+                command.Header = "Message from Server";
+            }
 
             _sessionManager.SendMessageCommand(RequestHelpers.GetSession(_sessionManager, _authContext, Request).Id, sessionId, command, CancellationToken.None);
 
diff --git a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/StartupController.cs b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/StartupController.cs
index d9cb34557..a01a617fc 100644
--- a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/StartupController.cs
+++ b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/StartupController.cs
@@ -132,7 +132,10 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         {
             var user = _userManager.Users.First();
 
-            user.Username = startupUserDto.Name;
+            if (startupUserDto.Name != null)
+            {
+                user.Username = startupUserDto.Name;
+            }
 
             await _userManager.UpdateUserAsync(user).ConfigureAwait(false);
 
diff --git a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/SubtitleController.cs b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/SubtitleController.cs
index 16a47f2d8..1669a659d 100644
--- a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/SubtitleController.cs
+++ b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/SubtitleController.cs
@@ -182,6 +182,10 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         /// <summary>
         /// Gets subtitles in a specified format.
         /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="routeItemId">The (route) item id.</param>
+        /// <param name="routeMediaSourceId">The (route) media source id.</param>
+        /// <param name="routeIndex">The (route) subtitle stream index.</param>
+        /// <param name="routeFormat">The (route) format of the returned subtitle.</param>
         /// <param name="itemId">The item id.</param>
         /// <param name="mediaSourceId">The media source id.</param>
         /// <param name="index">The subtitle stream index.</param>
@@ -189,22 +193,32 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         /// <param name="endPositionTicks">Optional. The end position of the subtitle in ticks.</param>
         /// <param name="copyTimestamps">Optional. Whether to copy the timestamps.</param>
         /// <param name="addVttTimeMap">Optional. Whether to add a VTT time map.</param>
-        /// <param name="startPositionTicks">Optional. The start position of the subtitle in ticks.</param>
+        /// <param name="startPositionTicks">The start position of the subtitle in ticks.</param>
         /// <response code="200">File returned.</response>
         /// <returns>A <see cref="FileContentResult"/> with the subtitle file.</returns>
-        [HttpGet("Videos/{itemId}/{mediaSourceId}/Subtitles/{index}/Stream.{format}")]
+        [HttpGet("Videos/{routeItemId}/routeMediaSourceId/Subtitles/{routeIndex}/Stream.{routeFormat}")]
         [ProducesResponseType(StatusCodes.Status200OK)]
         [ProducesFile("text/*")]
         public async Task<ActionResult> GetSubtitle(
-            [FromRoute, Required] Guid itemId,
-            [FromRoute, Required] string mediaSourceId,
-            [FromRoute, Required] int index,
-            [FromRoute, Required] string format,
+            [FromRoute, Required] Guid routeItemId,
+            [FromRoute, Required] string routeMediaSourceId,
+            [FromRoute, Required] int routeIndex,
+            [FromRoute, Required] string routeFormat,
+            [FromQuery, ParameterObsolete] Guid? itemId,
+            [FromQuery, ParameterObsolete] string? mediaSourceId,
+            [FromQuery, ParameterObsolete] int? index,
+            [FromQuery, ParameterObsolete] string? format,
             [FromQuery] long? endPositionTicks,
             [FromQuery] bool copyTimestamps = false,
             [FromQuery] bool addVttTimeMap = false,
             [FromQuery] long startPositionTicks = 0)
         {
+            // Set parameters to route value if not provided via query.
+            itemId ??= routeItemId;
+            mediaSourceId ??= routeMediaSourceId;
+            index ??= routeIndex;
+            format ??= routeFormat;
+
             if (string.Equals(format, "js", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
             {
                 format = "json";
@@ -212,9 +226,9 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
 
             if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(format))
             {
-                var item = (Video)_libraryManager.GetItemById(itemId);
+                var item = (Video)_libraryManager.GetItemById(itemId.Value);
 
-                var idString = itemId.ToString("N", CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
+                var idString = itemId.Value.ToString("N", CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
                 var mediaSource = _mediaSourceManager.GetStaticMediaSources(item, false)
                     .First(i => string.Equals(i.Id, mediaSourceId ?? idString, StringComparison.Ordinal));
 
@@ -226,7 +240,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
 
             if (string.Equals(format, "vtt", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) && addVttTimeMap)
             {
-                await using Stream stream = await EncodeSubtitles(itemId, mediaSourceId, index, format, startPositionTicks, endPositionTicks, copyTimestamps).ConfigureAwait(false);
+                await using Stream stream = await EncodeSubtitles(itemId.Value, mediaSourceId, index.Value, format, startPositionTicks, endPositionTicks, copyTimestamps).ConfigureAwait(false);
                 using var reader = new StreamReader(stream);
 
                 var text = await reader.ReadToEndAsync().ConfigureAwait(false);
@@ -238,9 +252,9 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
 
             return File(
                 await EncodeSubtitles(
-                    itemId,
+                    itemId.Value,
                     mediaSourceId,
-                    index,
+                    index.Value,
                     format,
                     startPositionTicks,
                     endPositionTicks,
@@ -251,30 +265,44 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         /// <summary>
         /// Gets subtitles in a specified format.
         /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="routeItemId">The (route) item id.</param>
+        /// <param name="routeMediaSourceId">The (route) media source id.</param>
+        /// <param name="routeIndex">The (route) subtitle stream index.</param>
+        /// <param name="routeStartPositionTicks">The (route) start position of the subtitle in ticks.</param>
+        /// <param name="routeFormat">The (route) format of the returned subtitle.</param>
         /// <param name="itemId">The item id.</param>
         /// <param name="mediaSourceId">The media source id.</param>
         /// <param name="index">The subtitle stream index.</param>
-        /// <param name="startPositionTicks">Optional. The start position of the subtitle in ticks.</param>
+        /// <param name="startPositionTicks">The start position of the subtitle in ticks.</param>
         /// <param name="format">The format of the returned subtitle.</param>
         /// <param name="endPositionTicks">Optional. The end position of the subtitle in ticks.</param>
         /// <param name="copyTimestamps">Optional. Whether to copy the timestamps.</param>
         /// <param name="addVttTimeMap">Optional. Whether to add a VTT time map.</param>
         /// <response code="200">File returned.</response>
         /// <returns>A <see cref="FileContentResult"/> with the subtitle file.</returns>
-        [HttpGet("Videos/{itemId}/{mediaSourceId}/Subtitles/{index}/{startPositionTicks}/Stream.{format}")]
+        [HttpGet("Videos/{routeItemId}/{routeMediaSourceId}/Subtitles/{routeIndex}/{routeStartPositionTicks}/Stream.{routeFormat}")]
         [ProducesResponseType(StatusCodes.Status200OK)]
         [ProducesFile("text/*")]
         public Task<ActionResult> GetSubtitleWithTicks(
-            [FromRoute, Required] Guid itemId,
-            [FromRoute, Required] string mediaSourceId,
-            [FromRoute, Required] int index,
-            [FromRoute, Required] long startPositionTicks,
-            [FromRoute, Required] string format,
+            [FromRoute, Required] Guid routeItemId,
+            [FromRoute, Required] string routeMediaSourceId,
+            [FromRoute, Required] int routeIndex,
+            [FromRoute, Required] long routeStartPositionTicks,
+            [FromRoute, Required] string routeFormat,
+            [FromQuery, ParameterObsolete] Guid? itemId,
+            [FromQuery, ParameterObsolete] string? mediaSourceId,
+            [FromQuery, ParameterObsolete] int? index,
+            [FromQuery, ParameterObsolete] long? startPositionTicks,
+            [FromQuery, ParameterObsolete] string? format,
             [FromQuery] long? endPositionTicks,
             [FromQuery] bool copyTimestamps = false,
             [FromQuery] bool addVttTimeMap = false)
         {
             return GetSubtitle(
+                routeItemId,
+                routeMediaSourceId,
+                routeIndex,
+                routeFormat,
                 itemId,
                 mediaSourceId,
                 index,
@@ -282,7 +310,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                 endPositionTicks,
                 copyTimestamps,
                 addVttTimeMap,
-                startPositionTicks);
+                startPositionTicks ?? routeStartPositionTicks);
         }
 
         /// <summary>
diff --git a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/SuggestionsController.cs b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/SuggestionsController.cs
index a55f13e66..a811a29c3 100644
--- a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/SuggestionsController.cs
+++ b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/SuggestionsController.cs
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             var dtoOptions = new DtoOptions().AddClientFields(Request);
             var result = _libraryManager.GetItemsResult(new InternalItemsQuery(user)
             {
-                OrderBy = new[] { ItemSortBy.Random }.Select(i => new ValueTuple<string, SortOrder>(i, SortOrder.Descending)).ToArray(),
+                OrderBy = new[] { (ItemSortBy.Random, SortOrder.Descending) },
                 MediaTypes = mediaType,
                 IncludeItemTypes = type,
                 IsVirtualItem = false,
diff --git a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/TvShowsController.cs b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/TvShowsController.cs
index e1c67f830..59400db2a 100644
--- a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/TvShowsController.cs
+++ b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/TvShowsController.cs
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             var itemsResult = _libraryManager.GetItemList(new InternalItemsQuery(user)
             {
                 IncludeItemTypes = new[] { nameof(Episode) },
-                OrderBy = new[] { ItemSortBy.PremiereDate, ItemSortBy.SortName }.Select(i => new ValueTuple<string, SortOrder>(i, SortOrder.Ascending)).ToArray(),
+                OrderBy = new[] { (ItemSortBy.PremiereDate, SortOrder.Ascending), (ItemSortBy.SortName, SortOrder.Ascending) },
                 MinPremiereDate = minPremiereDate,
                 StartIndex = startIndex,
                 Limit = limit,
diff --git a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/UniversalAudioController.cs b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/UniversalAudioController.cs
index 5aa033ccf..679f055bc 100644
--- a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/UniversalAudioController.cs
+++ b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/UniversalAudioController.cs
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             [FromQuery] int? maxAudioSampleRate,
             [FromQuery] int? maxAudioBitDepth,
             [FromQuery] bool? enableRemoteMedia,
-            [FromQuery] bool breakOnNonKeyFrames,
+            [FromQuery] bool breakOnNonKeyFrames = false,
             [FromQuery] bool enableRedirection = true)
         {
             var deviceProfile = GetDeviceProfile(container, transcodingContainer, audioCodec, transcodingProtocol, breakOnNonKeyFrames, transcodingAudioChannels, maxAudioSampleRate, maxAudioBitDepth, maxAudioChannels);
@@ -219,10 +219,10 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                     AudioBitRate = audioBitRate ?? maxStreamingBitrate,
                     StartTimeTicks = startTimeTicks,
                     SubtitleMethod = SubtitleDeliveryMethod.Hls,
-                    RequireAvc = true,
-                    DeInterlace = true,
-                    RequireNonAnamorphic = true,
-                    EnableMpegtsM2TsMode = true,
+                    RequireAvc = false,
+                    DeInterlace = false,
+                    RequireNonAnamorphic = false,
+                    EnableMpegtsM2TsMode = false,
                     TranscodeReasons = mediaSource.TranscodeReasons == null ? null : string.Join(',', mediaSource.TranscodeReasons.Select(i => i.ToString()).ToArray()),
                     Context = EncodingContext.Static,
                     StreamOptions = new Dictionary<string, string>(),
@@ -298,9 +298,9 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                 {
                     Type = DlnaProfileType.Audio,
                     Context = EncodingContext.Streaming,
-                    Container = transcodingContainer,
-                    AudioCodec = audioCodec,
-                    Protocol = transcodingProtocol,
+                    Container = transcodingContainer ?? "mp3",
+                    AudioCodec = audioCodec ?? "mp3",
+                    Protocol = transcodingProtocol ?? "http",
                     BreakOnNonKeyFrames = breakOnNonKeyFrames ?? false,
                     MaxAudioChannels = transcodingAudioChannels?.ToString(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture)
                 }
diff --git a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/UserController.cs b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/UserController.cs
index 43ee309b7..b13db4baa 100644
--- a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/UserController.cs
+++ b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/UserController.cs
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ using MediaBrowser.Model.Users;
 using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization;
 using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
 using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
+using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
 
 namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
 {
@@ -36,6 +37,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         private readonly IDeviceManager _deviceManager;
         private readonly IAuthorizationContext _authContext;
         private readonly IServerConfigurationManager _config;
+        private readonly ILogger _logger;
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="UserController"/> class.
@@ -46,13 +48,15 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         /// <param name="deviceManager">Instance of the <see cref="IDeviceManager"/> interface.</param>
         /// <param name="authContext">Instance of the <see cref="IAuthorizationContext"/> interface.</param>
         /// <param name="config">Instance of the <see cref="IServerConfigurationManager"/> interface.</param>
+        /// <param name="logger">Instance of the <see cref="ILogger"/> interface.</param>
         public UserController(
             IUserManager userManager,
             ISessionManager sessionManager,
             INetworkManager networkManager,
             IDeviceManager deviceManager,
             IAuthorizationContext authContext,
-            IServerConfigurationManager config)
+            IServerConfigurationManager config,
+            ILogger<UserController> logger)
         {
             _userManager = userManager;
             _sessionManager = sessionManager;
@@ -60,6 +64,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             _deviceManager = deviceManager;
             _authContext = authContext;
             _config = config;
+            _logger = logger;
         }
 
         /// <summary>
@@ -118,7 +123,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                 return NotFound("User not found");
             }
 
-            var result = _userManager.GetUserDto(user, HttpContext.GetNormalizedRemoteIp());
+            var result = _userManager.GetUserDto(user, HttpContext.GetNormalizedRemoteIp().ToString());
             return result;
         }
 
@@ -172,11 +177,9 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                 return StatusCode(StatusCodes.Status403Forbidden, "Only sha1 password is not allowed.");
             }
 
-            // Password should always be null
             AuthenticateUserByName request = new AuthenticateUserByName
             {
                 Username = user.Username,
-                Password = null,
                 Pw = pw
             };
             return await AuthenticateUserByName(request).ConfigureAwait(false);
@@ -203,8 +206,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                     DeviceId = auth.DeviceId,
                     DeviceName = auth.Device,
                     Password = request.Pw,
-                    PasswordSha1 = request.Password,
-                    RemoteEndPoint = HttpContext.GetNormalizedRemoteIp(),
+                    RemoteEndPoint = HttpContext.GetNormalizedRemoteIp().ToString(),
                     Username = request.Username
                 }).ConfigureAwait(false);
 
@@ -291,7 +293,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                     user.Username,
                     request.CurrentPw,
                     request.CurrentPw,
-                    HttpContext.GetNormalizedRemoteIp(),
+                    HttpContext.GetNormalizedRemoteIp().ToString(),
                     false).ConfigureAwait(false);
 
                 if (success == null)
@@ -483,7 +485,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                 await _userManager.ChangePassword(newUser, request.Password).ConfigureAwait(false);
             }
 
-            var result = _userManager.GetUserDto(newUser, HttpContext.GetNormalizedRemoteIp());
+            var result = _userManager.GetUserDto(newUser, HttpContext.GetNormalizedRemoteIp().ToString());
 
             return result;
         }
@@ -498,8 +500,14 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         [ProducesResponseType(StatusCodes.Status200OK)]
         public async Task<ActionResult<ForgotPasswordResult>> ForgotPassword([FromBody, Required] ForgotPasswordDto forgotPasswordRequest)
         {
+            var ip = HttpContext.GetNormalizedRemoteIp();
             var isLocal = HttpContext.IsLocal()
-                          || _networkManager.IsInLocalNetwork(HttpContext.GetNormalizedRemoteIp());
+                          || _networkManager.IsInLocalNetwork(ip);
+
+            if (isLocal)
+            {
+                _logger.LogWarning("Password reset proccess initiated from outside the local network with IP: {IP}", ip);
+            }
 
             var result = await _userManager.StartForgotPasswordProcess(forgotPasswordRequest.EnteredUsername, isLocal).ConfigureAwait(false);
 
@@ -581,7 +589,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
 
             var result = users
                 .OrderBy(u => u.Username)
-                .Select(i => _userManager.GetUserDto(i, HttpContext.GetNormalizedRemoteIp()));
+                .Select(i => _userManager.GetUserDto(i, HttpContext.GetNormalizedRemoteIp().ToString()));
 
             return result;
         }
diff --git a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/VideoHlsController.cs b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/VideoHlsController.cs
index ba51aa43e..308334b23 100644
--- a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/VideoHlsController.cs
+++ b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/VideoHlsController.cs
@@ -48,9 +48,6 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         private readonly IMediaSourceManager _mediaSourceManager;
         private readonly IServerConfigurationManager _serverConfigurationManager;
         private readonly IMediaEncoder _mediaEncoder;
-        private readonly IFileSystem _fileSystem;
-        private readonly ISubtitleEncoder _subtitleEncoder;
-        private readonly IConfiguration _configuration;
         private readonly IDeviceManager _deviceManager;
         private readonly TranscodingJobHelper _transcodingJobHelper;
         private readonly ILogger<VideoHlsController> _logger;
@@ -60,9 +57,6 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="VideoHlsController"/> class.
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="mediaEncoder">Instance of the <see cref="IMediaEncoder"/> interface.</param>
-        /// <param name="fileSystem">Instance of the <see cref="IFileSystem"/> interface.</param>
-        /// <param name="subtitleEncoder">Instance of the <see cref="ISubtitleEncoder"/> interface.</param>
-        /// <param name="configuration">Instance of the <see cref="IConfiguration"/> interface.</param>
         /// <param name="dlnaManager">Instance of the <see cref="IDlnaManager"/> interface.</param>
         /// <param name="userManger">Instance of the <see cref="IUserManager"/> interface.</param>
         /// <param name="authorizationContext">Instance of the <see cref="IAuthorizationContext"/> interface.</param>
@@ -72,11 +66,9 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         /// <param name="deviceManager">Instance of the <see cref="IDeviceManager"/> interface.</param>
         /// <param name="transcodingJobHelper">The <see cref="TranscodingJobHelper"/> singleton.</param>
         /// <param name="logger">Instance of the <see cref="ILogger{VideoHlsController}"/>.</param>
+        /// <param name="encodingHelper">Instance of <see cref="EncodingHelper"/>.</param>
         public VideoHlsController(
             IMediaEncoder mediaEncoder,
-            IFileSystem fileSystem,
-            ISubtitleEncoder subtitleEncoder,
-            IConfiguration configuration,
             IDlnaManager dlnaManager,
             IUserManager userManger,
             IAuthorizationContext authorizationContext,
@@ -85,10 +77,9 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             IServerConfigurationManager serverConfigurationManager,
             IDeviceManager deviceManager,
             TranscodingJobHelper transcodingJobHelper,
-            ILogger<VideoHlsController> logger)
+            ILogger<VideoHlsController> logger,
+            EncodingHelper encodingHelper)
         {
-            _encodingHelper = new EncodingHelper(mediaEncoder, fileSystem, subtitleEncoder, configuration);
-
             _dlnaManager = dlnaManager;
             _authContext = authorizationContext;
             _userManager = userManger;
@@ -96,12 +87,11 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             _mediaSourceManager = mediaSourceManager;
             _serverConfigurationManager = serverConfigurationManager;
             _mediaEncoder = mediaEncoder;
-            _fileSystem = fileSystem;
-            _subtitleEncoder = subtitleEncoder;
-            _configuration = configuration;
             _deviceManager = deviceManager;
             _transcodingJobHelper = transcodingJobHelper;
             _logger = logger;
+            _encodingHelper = encodingHelper;
+
             _encodingOptions = serverConfigurationManager.GetEncodingOptions();
         }
 
@@ -198,7 +188,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             [FromQuery] int? height,
             [FromQuery] int? videoBitRate,
             [FromQuery] int? subtitleStreamIndex,
-            [FromQuery] SubtitleDeliveryMethod subtitleMethod,
+            [FromQuery] SubtitleDeliveryMethod? subtitleMethod,
             [FromQuery] int? maxRefFrames,
             [FromQuery] int? maxVideoBitDepth,
             [FromQuery] bool? requireAvc,
@@ -213,7 +203,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             [FromQuery] string? transcodeReasons,
             [FromQuery] int? audioStreamIndex,
             [FromQuery] int? videoStreamIndex,
-            [FromQuery] EncodingContext context,
+            [FromQuery] EncodingContext? context,
             [FromQuery] Dictionary<string, string> streamOptions,
             [FromQuery] int? maxWidth,
             [FromQuery] int? maxHeight,
@@ -223,7 +213,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             {
                 Id = itemId,
                 Container = container,
-                Static = @static ?? true,
+                Static = @static ?? false,
                 Params = @params,
                 Tag = tag,
                 DeviceProfileId = deviceProfileId,
@@ -247,28 +237,28 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                 Level = level,
                 Framerate = framerate,
                 MaxFramerate = maxFramerate,
-                CopyTimestamps = copyTimestamps ?? true,
+                CopyTimestamps = copyTimestamps ?? false,
                 StartTimeTicks = startTimeTicks,
                 Width = width,
                 Height = height,
                 VideoBitRate = videoBitRate,
                 SubtitleStreamIndex = subtitleStreamIndex,
-                SubtitleMethod = subtitleMethod,
+                SubtitleMethod = subtitleMethod ?? SubtitleDeliveryMethod.Encode,
                 MaxRefFrames = maxRefFrames,
                 MaxVideoBitDepth = maxVideoBitDepth,
-                RequireAvc = requireAvc ?? true,
-                DeInterlace = deInterlace ?? true,
-                RequireNonAnamorphic = requireNonAnamorphic ?? true,
+                RequireAvc = requireAvc ?? false,
+                DeInterlace = deInterlace ?? false,
+                RequireNonAnamorphic = requireNonAnamorphic ?? false,
                 TranscodingMaxAudioChannels = transcodingMaxAudioChannels,
                 CpuCoreLimit = cpuCoreLimit,
                 LiveStreamId = liveStreamId,
-                EnableMpegtsM2TsMode = enableMpegtsM2TsMode ?? true,
+                EnableMpegtsM2TsMode = enableMpegtsM2TsMode ?? false,
                 VideoCodec = videoCodec,
                 SubtitleCodec = subtitleCodec,
                 TranscodeReasons = transcodeReasons,
                 AudioStreamIndex = audioStreamIndex,
                 VideoStreamIndex = videoStreamIndex,
-                Context = context,
+                Context = context ?? EncodingContext.Streaming,
                 StreamOptions = streamOptions,
                 MaxHeight = maxHeight,
                 MaxWidth = maxWidth,
@@ -285,9 +275,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                     _libraryManager,
                     _serverConfigurationManager,
                     _mediaEncoder,
-                    _fileSystem,
-                    _subtitleEncoder,
-                    _configuration,
+                    _encodingHelper,
                     _dlnaManager,
                     _deviceManager,
                     _transcodingJobHelper,
diff --git a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/VideosController.cs b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/VideosController.cs
index 44dc63952..e544d001e 100644
--- a/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/VideosController.cs
+++ b/Jellyfin.Api/Controllers/VideosController.cs
@@ -49,12 +49,10 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         private readonly IMediaSourceManager _mediaSourceManager;
         private readonly IServerConfigurationManager _serverConfigurationManager;
         private readonly IMediaEncoder _mediaEncoder;
-        private readonly IFileSystem _fileSystem;
-        private readonly ISubtitleEncoder _subtitleEncoder;
-        private readonly IConfiguration _configuration;
         private readonly IDeviceManager _deviceManager;
         private readonly TranscodingJobHelper _transcodingJobHelper;
         private readonly IHttpClientFactory _httpClientFactory;
+        private readonly EncodingHelper _encodingHelper;
 
         private readonly TranscodingJobType _transcodingJobType = TranscodingJobType.Progressive;
 
@@ -69,12 +67,10 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         /// <param name="mediaSourceManager">Instance of the <see cref="IMediaSourceManager"/> interface.</param>
         /// <param name="serverConfigurationManager">Instance of the <see cref="IServerConfigurationManager"/> interface.</param>
         /// <param name="mediaEncoder">Instance of the <see cref="IMediaEncoder"/> interface.</param>
-        /// <param name="fileSystem">Instance of the <see cref="IFileSystem"/> interface.</param>
-        /// <param name="subtitleEncoder">Instance of the <see cref="ISubtitleEncoder"/> interface.</param>
-        /// <param name="configuration">Instance of the <see cref="IConfiguration"/> interface.</param>
         /// <param name="deviceManager">Instance of the <see cref="IDeviceManager"/> interface.</param>
         /// <param name="transcodingJobHelper">Instance of the <see cref="TranscodingJobHelper"/> class.</param>
         /// <param name="httpClientFactory">Instance of the <see cref="IHttpClientFactory"/> interface.</param>
+        /// <param name="encodingHelper">Instance of <see cref="EncodingHelper"/>.</param>
         public VideosController(
             ILibraryManager libraryManager,
             IUserManager userManager,
@@ -84,12 +80,10 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             IMediaSourceManager mediaSourceManager,
             IServerConfigurationManager serverConfigurationManager,
             IMediaEncoder mediaEncoder,
-            IFileSystem fileSystem,
-            ISubtitleEncoder subtitleEncoder,
-            IConfiguration configuration,
             IDeviceManager deviceManager,
             TranscodingJobHelper transcodingJobHelper,
-            IHttpClientFactory httpClientFactory)
+            IHttpClientFactory httpClientFactory,
+            EncodingHelper encodingHelper)
         {
             _libraryManager = libraryManager;
             _userManager = userManager;
@@ -99,12 +93,10 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             _mediaSourceManager = mediaSourceManager;
             _serverConfigurationManager = serverConfigurationManager;
             _mediaEncoder = mediaEncoder;
-            _fileSystem = fileSystem;
-            _subtitleEncoder = subtitleEncoder;
-            _configuration = configuration;
             _deviceManager = deviceManager;
             _transcodingJobHelper = transcodingJobHelper;
             _httpClientFactory = httpClientFactory;
+            _encodingHelper = encodingHelper;
         }
 
         /// <summary>
@@ -217,9 +209,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                 return BadRequest("Please supply at least two videos to merge.");
             }
 
-            var videosWithVersions = items.Where(i => i.MediaSourceCount > 1).ToList();
-
-            var primaryVersion = videosWithVersions.FirstOrDefault();
+            var primaryVersion = items.FirstOrDefault(i => i.MediaSourceCount > 1 && string.IsNullOrEmpty(i.PrimaryVersionId));
             if (primaryVersion == null)
             {
                 primaryVersion = items
@@ -364,7 +354,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             [FromQuery] int? height,
             [FromQuery] int? videoBitRate,
             [FromQuery] int? subtitleStreamIndex,
-            [FromQuery] SubtitleDeliveryMethod subtitleMethod,
+            [FromQuery] SubtitleDeliveryMethod? subtitleMethod,
             [FromQuery] int? maxRefFrames,
             [FromQuery] int? maxVideoBitDepth,
             [FromQuery] bool? requireAvc,
@@ -379,7 +369,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             [FromQuery] string? transcodeReasons,
             [FromQuery] int? audioStreamIndex,
             [FromQuery] int? videoStreamIndex,
-            [FromQuery] EncodingContext context,
+            [FromQuery] EncodingContext? context,
             [FromQuery] Dictionary<string, string> streamOptions)
         {
             var isHeadRequest = Request.Method == System.Net.WebRequestMethods.Http.Head;
@@ -388,7 +378,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             {
                 Id = itemId,
                 Container = container,
-                Static = @static ?? true,
+                Static = @static ?? false,
                 Params = @params,
                 Tag = tag,
                 DeviceProfileId = deviceProfileId,
@@ -412,28 +402,28 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                 Level = level,
                 Framerate = framerate,
                 MaxFramerate = maxFramerate,
-                CopyTimestamps = copyTimestamps ?? true,
+                CopyTimestamps = copyTimestamps ?? false,
                 StartTimeTicks = startTimeTicks,
                 Width = width,
                 Height = height,
                 VideoBitRate = videoBitRate,
                 SubtitleStreamIndex = subtitleStreamIndex,
-                SubtitleMethod = subtitleMethod,
+                SubtitleMethod = subtitleMethod ?? SubtitleDeliveryMethod.Encode,
                 MaxRefFrames = maxRefFrames,
                 MaxVideoBitDepth = maxVideoBitDepth,
-                RequireAvc = requireAvc ?? true,
-                DeInterlace = deInterlace ?? true,
-                RequireNonAnamorphic = requireNonAnamorphic ?? true,
+                RequireAvc = requireAvc ?? false,
+                DeInterlace = deInterlace ?? false,
+                RequireNonAnamorphic = requireNonAnamorphic ?? false,
                 TranscodingMaxAudioChannels = transcodingMaxAudioChannels,
                 CpuCoreLimit = cpuCoreLimit,
                 LiveStreamId = liveStreamId,
-                EnableMpegtsM2TsMode = enableMpegtsM2TsMode ?? true,
+                EnableMpegtsM2TsMode = enableMpegtsM2TsMode ?? false,
                 VideoCodec = videoCodec,
                 SubtitleCodec = subtitleCodec,
                 TranscodeReasons = transcodeReasons,
                 AudioStreamIndex = audioStreamIndex,
                 VideoStreamIndex = videoStreamIndex,
-                Context = context,
+                Context = context ?? EncodingContext.Streaming,
                 StreamOptions = streamOptions
             };
 
@@ -446,9 +436,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
                     _libraryManager,
                     _serverConfigurationManager,
                     _mediaEncoder,
-                    _fileSystem,
-                    _subtitleEncoder,
-                    _configuration,
+                    _encodingHelper,
                     _dlnaManager,
                     _deviceManager,
                     _transcodingJobHelper,
@@ -517,8 +505,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
 
             // Need to start ffmpeg (because media can't be returned directly)
             var encodingOptions = _serverConfigurationManager.GetEncodingOptions();
-            var encodingHelper = new EncodingHelper(_mediaEncoder, _fileSystem, _subtitleEncoder, _configuration);
-            var ffmpegCommandLineArguments = encodingHelper.GetProgressiveVideoFullCommandLine(state, encodingOptions, outputPath, "superfast");
+            var ffmpegCommandLineArguments = _encodingHelper.GetProgressiveVideoFullCommandLine(state, encodingOptions, outputPath, "superfast");
             return await FileStreamResponseHelpers.GetTranscodedFile(
                 state,
                 isHeadRequest,
@@ -540,7 +527,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         /// <param name="deviceProfileId">Optional. The dlna device profile id to utilize.</param>
         /// <param name="playSessionId">The play session id.</param>
         /// <param name="segmentContainer">The segment container.</param>
-        /// <param name="segmentLength">The segment lenght.</param>
+        /// <param name="segmentLength">The segment length.</param>
         /// <param name="minSegments">The minimum number of segments.</param>
         /// <param name="mediaSourceId">The media version id, if playing an alternate version.</param>
         /// <param name="deviceId">The device id of the client requesting. Used to stop encoding processes when needed.</param>
@@ -569,7 +556,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         /// <param name="maxVideoBitDepth">Optional. The maximum video bit depth.</param>
         /// <param name="requireAvc">Optional. Whether to require avc.</param>
         /// <param name="deInterlace">Optional. Whether to deinterlace the video.</param>
-        /// <param name="requireNonAnamorphic">Optional. Whether to require a non anamporphic stream.</param>
+        /// <param name="requireNonAnamorphic">Optional. Whether to require a non anamorphic stream.</param>
         /// <param name="transcodingMaxAudioChannels">Optional. The maximum number of audio channels to transcode.</param>
         /// <param name="cpuCoreLimit">Optional. The limit of how many cpu cores to use.</param>
         /// <param name="liveStreamId">The live stream id.</param>
@@ -583,8 +570,8 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
         /// <param name="streamOptions">Optional. The streaming options.</param>
         /// <response code="200">Video stream returned.</response>
         /// <returns>A <see cref="FileResult"/> containing the audio file.</returns>
-        [HttpGet("{itemId}/{stream=stream}.{container}")]
-        [HttpHead("{itemId}/{stream=stream}.{container}", Name = "HeadVideoStreamByContainer")]
+        [HttpGet("{itemId}/stream.{container}")]
+        [HttpHead("{itemId}/stream.{container}", Name = "HeadVideoStreamByContainer")]
         [ProducesResponseType(StatusCodes.Status200OK)]
         [ProducesVideoFile]
         public Task<ActionResult> GetVideoStreamByContainer(
@@ -620,7 +607,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             [FromQuery] int? height,
             [FromQuery] int? videoBitRate,
             [FromQuery] int? subtitleStreamIndex,
-            [FromQuery] SubtitleDeliveryMethod subtitleMethod,
+            [FromQuery] SubtitleDeliveryMethod? subtitleMethod,
             [FromQuery] int? maxRefFrames,
             [FromQuery] int? maxVideoBitDepth,
             [FromQuery] bool? requireAvc,
@@ -635,7 +622,7 @@ namespace Jellyfin.Api.Controllers
             [FromQuery] string? transcodeReasons,
             [FromQuery] int? audioStreamIndex,
             [FromQuery] int? videoStreamIndex,
-            [FromQuery] EncodingContext context,
+            [FromQuery] EncodingContext? context,
             [FromQuery] Dictionary<string, string> streamOptions)
         {
             return GetVideoStream(