Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream/master' into search-rebased

33 files changed, 668 insertions, 131 deletions

diff --git a/Emby.Server.Implementations/AppBase/BaseApplicationPaths.cs b/Emby.Server.Implementations/AppBase/BaseApplicationPaths.cs
index de722332a4..56d977bbcb 100644
--- a/Emby.Server.Implementations/AppBase/BaseApplicationPaths.cs
+++ b/Emby.Server.Implementations/AppBase/BaseApplicationPaths.cs
@@ -90,6 +90,7 @@ namespace Emby.Server.Implementations.AppBase
             CreateAndCheckMarker(ProgramDataPath, "data");
             CreateAndCheckMarker(CachePath, "cache");
             CreateAndCheckMarker(DataPath, "data");
+            CreateCacheDirTag(CachePath);
         }
 
         /// <inheritdoc />
@@ -100,6 +101,26 @@ namespace Emby.Server.Implementations.AppBase
             CheckOrCreateMarker(path, $".jellyfin-{markerName}", recursive);
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Creates a CACHEDIR.TAG file in the specified directory per the Cache Directory Tagging specification.
+        /// This signals to backup tools (e.g. Restic, Borg) that the directory contains cached data
+        /// and can be excluded from backups.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="path">The cache directory path.</param>
+        internal static void CreateCacheDirTag(string path)
+        {
+            var tagPath = Path.Combine(path, "CACHEDIR.TAG");
+            if (!File.Exists(tagPath))
+            {
+                File.WriteAllText(
+                    tagPath,
+                    "Signature: 8a477f597d28d172789f06886806bc55\n"
+                    + "# This file is a cache directory tag created by Jellyfin.\n"
+                    + "# For information about cache directory tags, see:\n"
+                    + "#\thttps://bford.info/cachedir/\n");
+            }
+        }
+
         private IEnumerable<string> GetMarkers(string path, bool recursive = false)
         {
             return Directory.EnumerateFiles(path, ".jellyfin-*", recursive ? SearchOption.AllDirectories : SearchOption.TopDirectoryOnly);
diff --git a/Emby.Server.Implementations/AppBase/BaseConfigurationManager.cs b/Emby.Server.Implementations/AppBase/BaseConfigurationManager.cs
index 81ef0e5f9a..ef5fa8bef9 100644
--- a/Emby.Server.Implementations/AppBase/BaseConfigurationManager.cs
+++ b/Emby.Server.Implementations/AppBase/BaseConfigurationManager.cs
@@ -228,6 +228,7 @@ namespace Emby.Server.Implementations.AppBase
             Logger.LogInformation("Setting cache path: {Path}", cachePath);
             ((BaseApplicationPaths)CommonApplicationPaths).CachePath = cachePath;
             CommonApplicationPaths.CreateAndCheckMarker(((BaseApplicationPaths)CommonApplicationPaths).CachePath, "cache");
+            BaseApplicationPaths.CreateCacheDirTag(cachePath);
         }
 
         /// <summary>
diff --git a/Emby.Server.Implementations/ApplicationHost.cs b/Emby.Server.Implementations/ApplicationHost.cs
index c97821f094..1a745aa799 100644
--- a/Emby.Server.Implementations/ApplicationHost.cs
+++ b/Emby.Server.Implementations/ApplicationHost.cs
@@ -167,8 +167,6 @@ namespace Emby.Server.Implementations
                 ConfigurationManager.Configuration,
                 ApplicationPaths.PluginsPath,
                 ApplicationVersion);
-
-            _disposableParts.Add(_pluginManager);
         }
 
         /// <summary>
@@ -537,6 +535,7 @@ namespace Emby.Server.Implementations
             serviceCollection.AddSingleton<IMusicManager, MusicManager>();
 
             serviceCollection.AddSingleton<ILibraryMonitor, LibraryMonitor>();
+            serviceCollection.AddSingleton<DotIgnoreIgnoreRule>();
 
             serviceCollection.AddSingleton<ISearchManager, SearchManager>();
             serviceCollection.AddSingleton<ISearchProvider, SqlSearchProvider>();
@@ -1016,6 +1015,8 @@ namespace Emby.Server.Implementations
                 }
 
                 _disposableParts.Clear();
+
+                _pluginManager?.Dispose();
             }
 
             _disposed = true;
diff --git a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Chapters/ChapterManager.cs b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Chapters/ChapterManager.cs
index 79ab29b87c..8a4721ce62 100644
--- a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Chapters/ChapterManager.cs
+++ b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Chapters/ChapterManager.cs
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ public class ChapterManager : IChapterManager
 
         var averageChapterDuration = GetAverageDurationBetweenChapters(chapters);
         var threshold = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(1).Ticks;
-        if (averageChapterDuration < threshold)
+        if (chapters.Count >= 2 && averageChapterDuration < threshold)
         {
             _logger.LogInformation("Skipping chapter image extraction for {Video} as the average chapter duration {AverageDuration} was lower than the minimum threshold {Threshold}", video.Name, averageChapterDuration, threshold);
             extractImages = false;
diff --git a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Dto/DtoService.cs b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Dto/DtoService.cs
index cc57d183b6..321c7da1c4 100644
--- a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Dto/DtoService.cs
+++ b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Dto/DtoService.cs
@@ -203,6 +203,39 @@ namespace Emby.Server.Implementations.Dto
                 }
             }
 
+            // Batch-fetch MusicArtist lookups across all items to avoid N+1 queries.
+            IReadOnlyDictionary<string, MusicArtist[]>? artistsBatch = null;
+            var artistNames = new HashSet<string>(StringComparer.Ordinal);
+            foreach (var item in accessibleItems)
+            {
+                if (item is IHasArtist hasArtist)
+                {
+                    foreach (var name in hasArtist.Artists)
+                    {
+                        if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(name))
+                        {
+                            artistNames.Add(name);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if (item is IHasAlbumArtist hasAlbumArtist)
+                {
+                    foreach (var name in hasAlbumArtist.AlbumArtists)
+                    {
+                        if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(name))
+                        {
+                            artistNames.Add(name);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (artistNames.Count > 0)
+            {
+                artistsBatch = _libraryManager.GetArtists(artistNames.ToArray());
+            }
+
             for (int index = 0; index < accessibleItems.Count; index++)
             {
                 var item = accessibleItems[index];
@@ -214,7 +247,8 @@ namespace Emby.Server.Implementations.Dto
                     userDataBatch?.GetValueOrDefault(item.Id),
                     allCollectionFolders,
                     childCountBatch,
-                    playedCountBatch);
+                    playedCountBatch,
+                    artistsBatch);
 
                 if (item is LiveTvChannel tvChannel)
                 {
@@ -274,7 +308,8 @@ namespace Emby.Server.Implementations.Dto
             UserItemData? userData = null,
             List<Folder>? allCollectionFolders = null,
             Dictionary<Guid, int>? childCountBatch = null,
-            Dictionary<Guid, (int Played, int Total)>? playedCountBatch = null)
+            Dictionary<Guid, (int Played, int Total)>? playedCountBatch = null,
+            IReadOnlyDictionary<string, MusicArtist[]>? artistsBatch = null)
         {
             var dto = new BaseItemDto
             {
@@ -334,7 +369,7 @@ namespace Emby.Server.Implementations.Dto
                 AttachStudios(dto, item);
             }
 
-            AttachBasicFields(dto, item, owner, options);
+            AttachBasicFields(dto, item, owner, options, artistsBatch);
 
             if (options.ContainsField(ItemFields.CanDelete))
             {
@@ -907,7 +942,8 @@ namespace Emby.Server.Implementations.Dto
         /// <param name="item">The item.</param>
         /// <param name="owner">The owner.</param>
         /// <param name="options">The options.</param>
-        private void AttachBasicFields(BaseItemDto dto, BaseItem item, BaseItem? owner, DtoOptions options)
+        /// <param name="artistsBatch">Optional pre-fetched artist lookup shared across a batch of items.</param>
+        private void AttachBasicFields(BaseItemDto dto, BaseItem item, BaseItem? owner, DtoOptions options, IReadOnlyDictionary<string, MusicArtist[]>? artistsBatch = null)
         {
             if (options.ContainsField(ItemFields.DateCreated))
             {
@@ -1031,6 +1067,8 @@ namespace Emby.Server.Implementations.Dto
                 dto.OriginalTitle = item.OriginalTitle;
             }
 
+            dto.OriginalLanguage = item.OriginalLanguage;
+
             if (options.ContainsField(ItemFields.ParentId))
             {
                 dto.ParentId = item.DisplayParentId;
@@ -1152,7 +1190,8 @@ namespace Emby.Server.Implementations.Dto
 
                 // Include artists that are not in the database yet, e.g., just added via metadata editor
                 // var foundArtists = artistItems.Items.Select(i => i.Item1.Name).ToList();
-                var artistsLookup = _libraryManager.GetArtists([.. hasArtist.Artists.Where(e => !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(e))]);
+                var artistsLookup = artistsBatch
+                    ?? _libraryManager.GetArtists([.. hasArtist.Artists.Where(e => !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(e))]);
 
                 dto.ArtistItems = hasArtist.Artists
                     .Where(name => !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(name))
@@ -1186,7 +1225,8 @@ namespace Emby.Server.Implementations.Dto
                 //    })
                 //    .ToList();
 
-                var albumArtistsLookup = _libraryManager.GetArtists([.. hasAlbumArtist.AlbumArtists.Where(e => !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(e))]);
+                var albumArtistsLookup = artistsBatch
+                    ?? _libraryManager.GetArtists([.. hasAlbumArtist.AlbumArtists.Where(e => !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(e))]);
 
                 dto.AlbumArtists = hasAlbumArtist.AlbumArtists
                     .Where(name => !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(name))
diff --git a/Emby.Server.Implementations/IO/LibraryMonitor.cs b/Emby.Server.Implementations/IO/LibraryMonitor.cs
index 23bd5cf200..1bf0f8c76c 100644
--- a/Emby.Server.Implementations/IO/LibraryMonitor.cs
+++ b/Emby.Server.Implementations/IO/LibraryMonitor.cs
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ namespace Emby.Server.Implementations.IO
         private readonly ILibraryManager _libraryManager;
         private readonly IServerConfigurationManager _configurationManager;
         private readonly IFileSystem _fileSystem;
+        private readonly DotIgnoreIgnoreRule _dotIgnoreIgnoreRule;
 
         /// <summary>
         /// The file system watchers.
@@ -47,17 +48,20 @@ namespace Emby.Server.Implementations.IO
         /// <param name="configurationManager">The configuration manager.</param>
         /// <param name="fileSystem">The filesystem.</param>
         /// <param name="appLifetime">The <see cref="IHostApplicationLifetime"/>.</param>
+        /// <param name="dotIgnoreIgnoreRule">The .ignore rule handler.</param>
         public LibraryMonitor(
             ILogger<LibraryMonitor> logger,
             ILibraryManager libraryManager,
             IServerConfigurationManager configurationManager,
             IFileSystem fileSystem,
-            IHostApplicationLifetime appLifetime)
+            IHostApplicationLifetime appLifetime,
+            DotIgnoreIgnoreRule dotIgnoreIgnoreRule)
         {
             _libraryManager = libraryManager;
             _logger = logger;
             _configurationManager = configurationManager;
             _fileSystem = fileSystem;
+            _dotIgnoreIgnoreRule = dotIgnoreIgnoreRule;
 
             appLifetime.ApplicationStarted.Register(Start);
             appLifetime.ApplicationStopping.Register(Stop);
@@ -354,7 +358,7 @@ namespace Emby.Server.Implementations.IO
             }
 
             var fileInfo = _fileSystem.GetFileSystemInfo(path);
-            if (DotIgnoreIgnoreRule.IsIgnored(fileInfo, null))
+            if (_dotIgnoreIgnoreRule.ShouldIgnore(fileInfo, null))
             {
                 return;
             }
diff --git a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Library/DotIgnoreIgnoreRule.cs b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Library/DotIgnoreIgnoreRule.cs
index ef5d24c70f..023c1e8915 100644
--- a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Library/DotIgnoreIgnoreRule.cs
+++ b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Library/DotIgnoreIgnoreRule.cs
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
+using BitFaster.Caching.Lru;
 using MediaBrowser.Controller.Entities;
 using MediaBrowser.Controller.IO;
 using MediaBrowser.Controller.Resolvers;
@@ -15,22 +17,36 @@ public class DotIgnoreIgnoreRule : IResolverIgnoreRule
 {
     private static readonly bool IsWindows = OperatingSystem.IsWindows();
 
-    private static FileInfo? FindIgnoreFile(DirectoryInfo directory)
-    {
-        for (var current = directory; current is not null; current = current.Parent)
-        {
-            var ignorePath = Path.Join(current.FullName, ".ignore");
-            if (File.Exists(ignorePath))
-            {
-                return new FileInfo(ignorePath);
-            }
-        }
+    private readonly FastConcurrentLru<string, IgnoreFileCacheEntry> _directoryCache;
+    private readonly FastConcurrentLru<string, ParsedIgnoreCacheEntry> _rulesCache;
 
-        return null;
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="DotIgnoreIgnoreRule"/> class.
+    /// </summary>
+    public DotIgnoreIgnoreRule()
+    {
+        var cacheSize = Math.Max(100, Environment.ProcessorCount * 100);
+        _directoryCache = new FastConcurrentLru<string, IgnoreFileCacheEntry>(
+            Environment.ProcessorCount,
+            cacheSize,
+            StringComparer.Ordinal);
+        _rulesCache = new FastConcurrentLru<string, ParsedIgnoreCacheEntry>(
+            Environment.ProcessorCount,
+            Math.Max(32, cacheSize / 4),
+            StringComparer.Ordinal);
     }
 
     /// <inheritdoc />
-    public bool ShouldIgnore(FileSystemMetadata fileInfo, BaseItem? parent) => IsIgnored(fileInfo, parent);
+    public bool ShouldIgnore(FileSystemMetadata fileInfo, BaseItem? parent) => IsIgnoredInternal(fileInfo, parent);
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Clears the directory lookup cache. The parsed rules cache is not cleared
+    /// as it validates file modification time on each access.
+    /// </summary>
+    public void ClearDirectoryCache()
+    {
+        _directoryCache.Clear();
+    }
 
     /// <summary>
     /// Checks whether or not the file is ignored.
@@ -38,40 +54,38 @@ public class DotIgnoreIgnoreRule : IResolverIgnoreRule
     /// <param name="fileInfo">The file information.</param>
     /// <param name="parent">The parent BaseItem.</param>
     /// <returns>True if the file should be ignored.</returns>
-    public static bool IsIgnored(FileSystemMetadata fileInfo, BaseItem? parent)
+    public bool IsIgnoredInternal(FileSystemMetadata fileInfo, BaseItem? parent)
     {
         var searchDirectory = fileInfo.IsDirectory
-            ? new DirectoryInfo(fileInfo.FullName)
-            : new DirectoryInfo(Path.GetDirectoryName(fileInfo.FullName) ?? string.Empty);
+            ? fileInfo.FullName
+            : Path.GetDirectoryName(fileInfo.FullName);
 
-        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(searchDirectory.FullName))
+        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(searchDirectory))
         {
             return false;
         }
 
-        var ignoreFile = FindIgnoreFile(searchDirectory);
+        var ignoreFile = FindIgnoreFileCached(searchDirectory);
         if (ignoreFile is null)
         {
             return false;
         }
 
-        // Fast path in case the ignore files isn't a symlink and is empty
-        if (ignoreFile.LinkTarget is null && ignoreFile.Length == 0)
+        var parsedEntry = GetParsedRules(ignoreFile);
+        if (parsedEntry is null)
         {
-            // Ignore directory if we just have the file
-            return true;
+            // File was deleted after we cached the path - clear the directory cache entry and return false
+            _directoryCache.TryRemove(searchDirectory, out _);
+            return false;
         }
 
-        var content = GetFileContent(ignoreFile);
-        return string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(content)
-            || CheckIgnoreRules(fileInfo.FullName, content, fileInfo.IsDirectory);
-    }
+        // Empty file means ignore everything
+        if (parsedEntry.IsEmpty)
+        {
+            return true;
+        }
 
-    private static bool CheckIgnoreRules(string path, string ignoreFileContent, bool isDirectory)
-    {
-        // If file has content, base ignoring off the content .gitignore-style rules
-        var rules = ignoreFileContent.Split('\n', StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries | StringSplitOptions.TrimEntries);
-        return CheckIgnoreRules(path, rules, isDirectory);
+        return parsedEntry.Rules.IsIgnored(GetPathToCheck(fileInfo.FullName, fileInfo.IsDirectory));
     }
 
     /// <summary>
@@ -117,8 +131,8 @@ public class DotIgnoreIgnoreRule : IResolverIgnoreRule
             return true;
         }
 
-         // Mitigate the problem of the Ignore library not handling Windows paths correctly.
-         // See https://github.com/jellyfin/jellyfin/issues/15484
+        // Mitigate the problem of the Ignore library not handling Windows paths correctly.
+        // See https://github.com/jellyfin/jellyfin/issues/15484
         var pathToCheck = normalizePath ? path.NormalizePath('/') : path;
 
         // Add trailing slash for directories to match "folder/"
@@ -130,11 +144,196 @@ public class DotIgnoreIgnoreRule : IResolverIgnoreRule
         return ignore.IsIgnored(pathToCheck);
     }
 
-    private static string GetFileContent(FileInfo ignoreFile)
+    private FileInfo? FindIgnoreFileCached(string directory)
+    {
+        // Check if we have a cached result for this directory
+        if (_directoryCache.TryGet(directory, out var cached))
+        {
+            return cached.IgnoreFileDirectory is null
+                ? null
+                : new FileInfo(Path.Join(cached.IgnoreFileDirectory, ".ignore"));
+        }
+
+        DirectoryInfo startDir;
+        try
+        {
+            startDir = new DirectoryInfo(directory);
+        }
+        catch (ArgumentException)
+        {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        // Walk up the directory tree to find .ignore file using DirectoryInfo.Parent
+        var checkedDirs = new List<string> { directory };
+
+        for (var current = startDir; current is not null; current = current.Parent)
+        {
+            var currentPath = current.FullName;
+
+            // Check if this intermediate directory is cached
+            if (current != startDir && _directoryCache.TryGet(currentPath, out var parentCached))
+            {
+                // Cache the result for all directories we checked
+                var entry = new IgnoreFileCacheEntry(parentCached.IgnoreFileDirectory);
+                foreach (var dir in checkedDirs)
+                {
+                    _directoryCache.AddOrUpdate(dir, entry);
+                }
+
+                return parentCached.IgnoreFileDirectory is null
+                    ? null
+                    : new FileInfo(Path.Join(parentCached.IgnoreFileDirectory, ".ignore"));
+            }
+
+            var ignoreFile = new FileInfo(Path.Join(currentPath, ".ignore"));
+            if (ignoreFile.Exists)
+            {
+                // Cache for all directories we checked
+                var entry = new IgnoreFileCacheEntry(currentPath);
+                foreach (var dir in checkedDirs)
+                {
+                    _directoryCache.AddOrUpdate(dir, entry);
+                }
+
+                return ignoreFile;
+            }
+
+            if (current != startDir)
+            {
+                checkedDirs.Add(currentPath);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // No .ignore file found - cache null result for all directories
+        var nullEntry = new IgnoreFileCacheEntry((string?)null);
+        foreach (var dir in checkedDirs)
+        {
+            _directoryCache.AddOrUpdate(dir, nullEntry);
+        }
+
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    private ParsedIgnoreCacheEntry? GetParsedRules(FileInfo ignoreFile)
+    {
+        if (!ignoreFile.Exists)
+        {
+            _rulesCache.TryRemove(ignoreFile.FullName, out _);
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        var lastModified = ignoreFile.LastWriteTimeUtc;
+        var fileLength = ignoreFile.Length;
+        var key = ignoreFile.FullName;
+
+        // Check cache
+        if (_rulesCache.TryGet(key, out var cached))
+        {
+            if (cached.FileLastModified == lastModified && cached.FileLength == fileLength)
+            {
+                return cached;
+            }
+
+            // Stale - need to reparse
+            _rulesCache.TryRemove(key, out _);
+        }
+
+        // Parse the file
+        var parsedEntry = ParseIgnoreFile(ignoreFile, lastModified, fileLength);
+        _rulesCache.AddOrUpdate(key, parsedEntry);
+        return parsedEntry;
+    }
+
+    private static ParsedIgnoreCacheEntry ParseIgnoreFile(FileInfo ignoreFile, DateTime lastModified, long fileLength)
     {
-        ignoreFile = FileSystemHelper.ResolveLinkTarget(ignoreFile, returnFinalTarget: true) ?? ignoreFile;
-        return ignoreFile.Exists
-            ? File.ReadAllText(ignoreFile.FullName)
-            : string.Empty;
+        if (ignoreFile.LinkTarget is null && fileLength == 0)
+        {
+            return new ParsedIgnoreCacheEntry
+            {
+                Rules = new Ignore.Ignore(),
+                FileLastModified = lastModified,
+                FileLength = fileLength,
+                IsEmpty = true
+            };
+        }
+
+        // Resolve symlinks
+        var resolvedFile = FileSystemHelper.ResolveLinkTarget(ignoreFile, returnFinalTarget: true) ?? ignoreFile;
+        if (!resolvedFile.Exists)
+        {
+            return new ParsedIgnoreCacheEntry
+            {
+                Rules = new Ignore.Ignore(),
+                FileLastModified = lastModified,
+                FileLength = fileLength,
+                IsEmpty = true
+            };
+        }
+
+        var content = File.ReadAllText(resolvedFile.FullName);
+        if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(content))
+        {
+            return new ParsedIgnoreCacheEntry
+            {
+                Rules = new Ignore.Ignore(),
+                FileLastModified = lastModified,
+                FileLength = fileLength,
+                IsEmpty = true
+            };
+        }
+
+        var rules = content.Split('\n', StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries | StringSplitOptions.TrimEntries);
+        var ignore = new Ignore.Ignore();
+        var validRulesAdded = 0;
+
+        foreach (var rule in rules)
+        {
+            try
+            {
+                ignore.Add(rule);
+                validRulesAdded++;
+            }
+            catch (RegexParseException)
+            {
+                // Ignore invalid patterns
+            }
+        }
+
+        // No valid rules means treat as empty (ignore all)
+        return new ParsedIgnoreCacheEntry
+        {
+            Rules = ignore,
+            FileLastModified = lastModified,
+            FileLength = fileLength,
+            IsEmpty = validRulesAdded == 0
+        };
+    }
+
+    private static string GetPathToCheck(string path, bool isDirectory)
+    {
+        // Normalize Windows paths
+        var pathToCheck = IsWindows ? path.NormalizePath('/') : path;
+
+        // Add trailing slash for directories to match "folder/"
+        if (isDirectory)
+        {
+            pathToCheck = string.Concat(pathToCheck.AsSpan().TrimEnd('/'), "/");
+        }
+
+        return pathToCheck;
+    }
+
+    private readonly record struct IgnoreFileCacheEntry(string? IgnoreFileDirectory);
+
+    private sealed class ParsedIgnoreCacheEntry
+    {
+        public required Ignore.Ignore Rules { get; init; }
+
+        public required DateTime FileLastModified { get; init; }
+
+        public required long FileLength { get; init; }
+
+        public required bool IsEmpty { get; init; }
     }
 }
diff --git a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Library/LibraryManager.cs b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Library/LibraryManager.cs
index 2bcb10e9e1..11f1496086 100644
--- a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Library/LibraryManager.cs
+++ b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Library/LibraryManager.cs
@@ -30,11 +30,13 @@ using MediaBrowser.Controller.Drawing;
 using MediaBrowser.Controller.Dto;
 using MediaBrowser.Controller.Entities;
 using MediaBrowser.Controller.Entities.Audio;
+using MediaBrowser.Controller.Entities.Movies;
 using MediaBrowser.Controller.IO;
 using MediaBrowser.Controller.Library;
 using MediaBrowser.Controller.LiveTv;
 using MediaBrowser.Controller.MediaEncoding;
 using MediaBrowser.Controller.Persistence;
+using MediaBrowser.Controller.Playlists;
 using MediaBrowser.Controller.Providers;
 using MediaBrowser.Controller.Resolvers;
 using MediaBrowser.Controller.Sorting;
@@ -84,6 +86,7 @@ namespace Emby.Server.Implementations.Library
         private readonly ExtraResolver _extraResolver;
         private readonly IPathManager _pathManager;
         private readonly FastConcurrentLru<Guid, BaseItem> _cache;
+        private readonly DotIgnoreIgnoreRule _dotIgnoreIgnoreRule;
 
         /// <summary>
         /// The _root folder sync lock.
@@ -125,6 +128,7 @@ namespace Emby.Server.Implementations.Library
         /// <param name="directoryService">The directory service.</param>
         /// <param name="peopleRepository">The people repository.</param>
         /// <param name="pathManager">The path manager.</param>
+        /// <param name="dotIgnoreIgnoreRule">The .ignore rule handler.</param>
         public LibraryManager(
             IServerApplicationHost appHost,
             ILoggerFactory loggerFactory,
@@ -146,7 +150,8 @@ namespace Emby.Server.Implementations.Library
             NamingOptions namingOptions,
             IDirectoryService directoryService,
             IPeopleRepository peopleRepository,
-            IPathManager pathManager)
+            IPathManager pathManager,
+            DotIgnoreIgnoreRule dotIgnoreIgnoreRule)
         {
             _appHost = appHost;
             _logger = loggerFactory.CreateLogger<LibraryManager>();
@@ -171,6 +176,7 @@ namespace Emby.Server.Implementations.Library
             _namingOptions = namingOptions;
             _peopleRepository = peopleRepository;
             _pathManager = pathManager;
+            _dotIgnoreIgnoreRule = dotIgnoreIgnoreRule;
             _extraResolver = new ExtraResolver(loggerFactory.CreateLogger<ExtraResolver>(), namingOptions, directoryService);
 
             _configurationManager.ConfigurationUpdated += ConfigurationUpdated;
@@ -1303,6 +1309,7 @@ namespace Emby.Server.Implementations.Library
         public async Task ValidateMediaLibraryInternal(IProgress<double> progress, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
         {
             IsScanRunning = true;
+            ClearIgnoreRuleCache();
             LibraryMonitor.Stop();
 
             try
@@ -1311,6 +1318,7 @@ namespace Emby.Server.Implementations.Library
             }
             finally
             {
+                ClearIgnoreRuleCache();
                 LibraryMonitor.Start();
                 IsScanRunning = false;
             }
@@ -1318,6 +1326,7 @@ namespace Emby.Server.Implementations.Library
 
         public async Task ValidateTopLibraryFolders(CancellationToken cancellationToken, bool removeRoot = false)
         {
+            ClearIgnoreRuleCache();
             RootFolder.Children = null;
             await RootFolder.RefreshMetadata(cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
 
@@ -1360,6 +1369,14 @@ namespace Emby.Server.Implementations.Library
             {
                 _persistenceService.DeleteItem(toDelete.ToArray());
             }
+
+            ClearIgnoreRuleCache();
+        }
+
+        /// <inheritdoc />
+        public void ClearIgnoreRuleCache()
+        {
+            _dotIgnoreIgnoreRule.ClearDirectoryCache();
         }
 
         private async Task PerformLibraryValidation(IProgress<double> progress, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
@@ -1881,6 +1898,25 @@ namespace Emby.Server.Implementations.Library
                     query.TopParentIds = [Guid.NewGuid()];
                 }
             }
+            else if (parents.Count == 1 && parents.First() is Folder folder
+                && (folder is Playlist || folder is BoxSet)
+                && folder.LinkedChildren.Length > 0)
+            {
+                // Playlists and BoxSets store their contents in LinkedChildren and never
+                // populate AncestorIds for those items, so a recursive AncestorIds query
+                // would return zero rows. Resolve to the linked child IDs up front and
+                // route through the existing indexed ItemIds filter.
+                query.ItemIds = folder.LinkedChildren
+                    .Where(lc => lc.ItemId.HasValue && !lc.ItemId.Value.IsEmpty())
+                    .Select(lc => lc.ItemId!.Value)
+                    .ToArray();
+
+                // Empty linked-children should still return empty rather than scanning everything.
+                if (query.ItemIds.Length == 0)
+                {
+                    query.ItemIds = [Guid.NewGuid()];
+                }
+            }
             else
             {
                 // We need to be able to query from any arbitrary ancestor up the tree
@@ -3161,7 +3197,7 @@ namespace Emby.Server.Implementations.Library
         public IEnumerable<BaseItem> FindExtras(BaseItem owner, IReadOnlyList<FileSystemMetadata> fileSystemChildren, IDirectoryService directoryService)
         {
             // Apply .ignore rules
-            var filtered = fileSystemChildren.Where(c => !DotIgnoreIgnoreRule.IsIgnored(c, owner)).ToList();
+            var filtered = fileSystemChildren.Where(c => !_dotIgnoreIgnoreRule.ShouldIgnore(c, owner)).ToList();
             var isFolder = owner.IsFolder || (owner is Video video && (video.VideoType == VideoType.BluRay || video.VideoType == VideoType.Dvd));
             var ownerVideoInfo = VideoResolver.Resolve(owner.Path, isFolder, _namingOptions, libraryRoot: owner.ContainingFolderPath);
             if (ownerVideoInfo is null)
@@ -3253,7 +3289,7 @@ namespace Emby.Server.Implementations.Library
 
         public IReadOnlyList<PersonInfo> GetPeople(InternalPeopleQuery query)
         {
-            return _peopleRepository.GetPeople(query);
+            return _peopleRepository.GetPeople(query).Items;
         }
 
         public IReadOnlyList<PersonInfo> GetPeople(BaseItem item)
@@ -3274,24 +3310,33 @@ namespace Emby.Server.Implementations.Library
             return [];
         }
 
-        public IReadOnlyList<Person> GetPeopleItems(InternalPeopleQuery query)
+        public QueryResult<BaseItem> GetPeopleItems(InternalPeopleQuery query)
         {
-            return _peopleRepository.GetPeopleNames(query)
-            .Select(i =>
-            {
-                try
+            var queryResult = _peopleRepository.GetPeople(query);
+            var baseItems = queryResult.Items.Select(i =>
                 {
-                    return GetPerson(i);
-                }
-                catch (Exception ex)
-                {
-                    _logger.LogError(ex, "Error getting person");
-                    return null;
-                }
-            })
-            .Where(i => i is not null)
-            .Where(i => query.User is null || i!.IsVisible(query.User))
-            .ToList()!; // null values are filtered out
+                    try
+                    {
+                        return GetPerson(i.Name);
+                    }
+                    catch (Exception ex)
+                    {
+                        _logger.LogError(ex, "error retrieving BaseItem for person: {0}", i.Name);
+                        return null;
+                    }
+                })
+                .Where(i => i is not null)
+                .Where(i => query.User is null || i!.IsVisible(query.User))
+                .OfType<BaseItem>()
+                .ToList()
+                .AsReadOnly();
+
+            return new QueryResult<BaseItem>
+            {
+                StartIndex = queryResult.StartIndex,
+                TotalRecordCount = queryResult.TotalRecordCount,
+                Items = baseItems,
+            };
         }
 
         public IReadOnlyList<string> GetPeopleNames(InternalPeopleQuery query)
diff --git a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Library/MediaSourceManager.cs b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Library/MediaSourceManager.cs
index c667fb0600..fdb4c7328b 100644
--- a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Library/MediaSourceManager.cs
+++ b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Library/MediaSourceManager.cs
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ using MediaBrowser.Common.Configuration;
 using MediaBrowser.Common.Extensions;
 using MediaBrowser.Controller;
 using MediaBrowser.Controller.Entities;
+using MediaBrowser.Controller.Entities.TV;
 using MediaBrowser.Controller.Library;
 using MediaBrowser.Controller.LiveTv;
 using MediaBrowser.Controller.MediaEncoding;
@@ -423,7 +424,7 @@ namespace Emby.Server.Implementations.Library
             MediaStreamSelector.SetSubtitleStreamScores(source.MediaStreams, preferredSubs, user.SubtitleMode, audioLanguage);
         }
 
-        private void SetDefaultAudioStreamIndex(MediaSourceInfo source, UserItemData userData, User user, bool allowRememberingSelection)
+        private void SetDefaultAudioStreamIndex(MediaSourceInfo source, UserItemData userData, User user, bool allowRememberingSelection, string originalLanguage)
         {
             if (userData is not null && userData.AudioStreamIndex.HasValue && user.RememberAudioSelections && allowRememberingSelection)
             {
@@ -437,7 +438,42 @@ namespace Emby.Server.Implementations.Library
                 }
             }
 
-            var preferredAudio = NormalizeLanguage(user.AudioLanguagePreference);
+            if (string.Equals(user.AudioLanguagePreference, "OriginalLanguage", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+            {
+                originalLanguage = !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(originalLanguage)
+                    ? originalLanguage.Split(',').FirstOrDefault()
+                    : null;
+
+                if (user.PlayDefaultAudioTrack)
+                {
+                    source.DefaultAudioStreamIndex = MediaStreamSelector.GetDefaultAudioStreamIndex(
+                        source.MediaStreams,
+                        NormalizeLanguage(originalLanguage),
+                        user.PlayDefaultAudioTrack);
+                    return;
+                }
+
+                var originalIndex = source.MediaStreams.FindIndex(i => i.Type == MediaStreamType.Audio && i.IsOriginal);
+
+                if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(originalLanguage) && originalIndex != -1)
+                {
+                    var mediaLanguageOriginal = source.MediaStreams[originalIndex].Language;
+                    if (NormalizeLanguage(mediaLanguageOriginal).Contains(NormalizeLanguage(originalLanguage).FirstOrDefault()))
+                    {
+                        source.DefaultAudioStreamIndex = originalIndex;
+                        return;
+                    }
+                }
+                else if (originalIndex != -1)
+                {
+                    source.DefaultAudioStreamIndex = originalIndex;
+                    return;
+                }
+            }
+
+            var preferredAudio = string.Equals(user.AudioLanguagePreference, "OriginalLanguage", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) && !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(originalLanguage)
+                ? NormalizeLanguage(originalLanguage)
+                : NormalizeLanguage(user.AudioLanguagePreference);
 
             source.DefaultAudioStreamIndex = MediaStreamSelector.GetDefaultAudioStreamIndex(source.MediaStreams, preferredAudio, user.PlayDefaultAudioTrack);
             if (user.PlayDefaultAudioTrack)
@@ -462,7 +498,19 @@ namespace Emby.Server.Implementations.Library
 
                 var allowRememberingSelection = item is null || item.EnableRememberingTrackSelections;
 
-                SetDefaultAudioStreamIndex(source, userData, user, allowRememberingSelection);
+                var originalLanguage = item?.OriginalLanguage ?? item switch
+                {
+                    Episode episode => episode.Series.OriginalLanguage,
+                    Video video => video.GetOwner() switch
+                    {
+                        Episode ownerEpisode => ownerEpisode.OriginalLanguage ?? ownerEpisode.Series.OriginalLanguage,
+                        BaseItem owner => owner.OriginalLanguage,
+                        null => null
+                    },
+                    _ => null
+                };
+
+                SetDefaultAudioStreamIndex(source, userData, user, allowRememberingSelection, originalLanguage);
                 SetDefaultSubtitleStreamIndex(source, userData, user, allowRememberingSelection);
             }
             else if (mediaType == MediaType.Audio)
diff --git a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Library/PathExtensions.cs b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Library/PathExtensions.cs
index fc63251ad0..cfa3e7c31d 100644
--- a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Library/PathExtensions.cs
+++ b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Library/PathExtensions.cs
@@ -70,6 +70,16 @@ namespace Emby.Server.Implementations.Library
                 return match ? imdbId.ToString() : null;
             }
 
+            // Allow tmdb as an alias for tmdbid
+            if (attribute.Equals("tmdbid", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+            {
+                var tmdbValue = str.GetAttributeValue("tmdb");
+                if (tmdbValue is not null)
+                {
+                    return tmdbValue;
+                }
+            }
+
             return null;
         }
 
diff --git a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Library/PathManager.cs b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Library/PathManager.cs
index a9b7a1274b..ef5edb9afa 100644
--- a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Library/PathManager.cs
+++ b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Library/PathManager.cs
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ using MediaBrowser.Common.Configuration;
 using MediaBrowser.Controller.Configuration;
 using MediaBrowser.Controller.Entities;
 using MediaBrowser.Controller.IO;
+using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
 
 namespace Emby.Server.Implementations.Library;
 
@@ -14,18 +15,22 @@ namespace Emby.Server.Implementations.Library;
 /// </summary>
 public class PathManager : IPathManager
 {
+    private readonly ILogger<PathManager> _logger;
     private readonly IServerConfigurationManager _config;
     private readonly IApplicationPaths _appPaths;
 
     /// <summary>
     /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="PathManager"/> class.
     /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="logger">The logger.</param>
     /// <param name="config">The server configuration manager.</param>
     /// <param name="appPaths">The application paths.</param>
     public PathManager(
+        ILogger<PathManager> logger,
         IServerConfigurationManager config,
         IApplicationPaths appPaths)
     {
+        _logger = logger;
         _config = config;
         _appPaths = appPaths;
     }
@@ -35,31 +40,43 @@ public class PathManager : IPathManager
     private string AttachmentCachePath => Path.Combine(_appPaths.DataPath, "attachments");
 
     /// <inheritdoc />
-    public string GetAttachmentPath(string mediaSourceId, string fileName)
+    public string? GetAttachmentPath(string mediaSourceId, string fileName)
     {
-        return Path.Combine(GetAttachmentFolderPath(mediaSourceId), fileName);
+        var folder = GetAttachmentFolderPath(mediaSourceId);
+        return folder is null ? null : Path.Combine(folder, fileName);
     }
 
     /// <inheritdoc />
-    public string GetAttachmentFolderPath(string mediaSourceId)
+    public string? GetAttachmentFolderPath(string mediaSourceId)
     {
-        var id = Guid.Parse(mediaSourceId).ToString("D", CultureInfo.InvariantCulture).AsSpan();
+        if (!Guid.TryParse(mediaSourceId, out var parsed))
+        {
+            _logger.LogDebug("MediaSource Id '{MediaSourceId}' is not a GUID; no on-disk attachment folder.", mediaSourceId);
+            return null;
+        }
 
+        var id = parsed.ToString("D", CultureInfo.InvariantCulture).AsSpan();
         return Path.Join(AttachmentCachePath, id[..2], id);
     }
 
     /// <inheritdoc />
-    public string GetSubtitleFolderPath(string mediaSourceId)
+    public string? GetSubtitleFolderPath(string mediaSourceId)
     {
-        var id = Guid.Parse(mediaSourceId).ToString("D", CultureInfo.InvariantCulture).AsSpan();
+        if (!Guid.TryParse(mediaSourceId, out var parsed))
+        {
+            _logger.LogDebug("MediaSource Id '{MediaSourceId}' is not a GUID; no on-disk subtitle folder.", mediaSourceId);
+            return null;
+        }
 
+        var id = parsed.ToString("D", CultureInfo.InvariantCulture).AsSpan();
         return Path.Join(SubtitleCachePath, id[..2], id);
     }
 
     /// <inheritdoc />
-    public string GetSubtitlePath(string mediaSourceId, int streamIndex, string extension)
+    public string? GetSubtitlePath(string mediaSourceId, int streamIndex, string extension)
     {
-        return Path.Combine(GetSubtitleFolderPath(mediaSourceId), streamIndex.ToString(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture) + extension);
+        var folder = GetSubtitleFolderPath(mediaSourceId);
+        return folder is null ? null : Path.Combine(folder, streamIndex.ToString(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture) + extension);
     }
 
     /// <inheritdoc />
@@ -90,12 +107,23 @@ public class PathManager : IPathManager
     public IReadOnlyList<string> GetExtractedDataPaths(BaseItem item)
     {
         var mediaSourceId = item.Id.ToString("N", CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
-        return [
-            GetAttachmentFolderPath(mediaSourceId),
-            GetSubtitleFolderPath(mediaSourceId),
-            GetTrickplayDirectory(item, false),
-            GetTrickplayDirectory(item, true),
-            GetChapterImageFolderPath(item)
-        ];
+        List<string> paths = [];
+        var attachmentFolder = GetAttachmentFolderPath(mediaSourceId);
+        if (attachmentFolder is not null)
+        {
+            paths.Add(attachmentFolder);
+        }
+
+        var subtitleFolder = GetSubtitleFolderPath(mediaSourceId);
+        if (subtitleFolder is not null)
+        {
+            paths.Add(subtitleFolder);
+        }
+
+        paths.Add(GetTrickplayDirectory(item, false));
+        paths.Add(GetTrickplayDirectory(item, true));
+        paths.Add(GetChapterImageFolderPath(item));
+
+        return paths;
     }
 }
diff --git a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Library/Resolvers/TV/EpisodeResolver.cs b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Library/Resolvers/TV/EpisodeResolver.cs
index 5fd23c9f50..85bf20cc2a 100644
--- a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Library/Resolvers/TV/EpisodeResolver.cs
+++ b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Library/Resolvers/TV/EpisodeResolver.cs
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 #nullable disable
 
 using System;
+using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
 using Emby.Naming.Common;
+using Emby.Server.Implementations.Library;
 using Jellyfin.Data.Enums;
 using MediaBrowser.Controller.Entities.TV;
 using MediaBrowser.Controller.Library;
@@ -81,10 +83,34 @@ namespace Emby.Server.Implementations.Library.Resolvers.TV
                     episode.ParentIndexNumber = 1;
                 }
 
+                SetProviderIdFromPath(episode, args.Path);
+
                 return episode;
             }
 
             return null;
         }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Sets provider ids from the episode file name.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="item">The episode.</param>
+        /// <param name="path">The episode file path.</param>
+        private static void SetProviderIdFromPath(Episode item, string path)
+        {
+            var justName = Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(path.AsSpan());
+
+            var imdbId = justName.GetAttributeValue("imdbid");
+            item.TrySetProviderId(MetadataProvider.Imdb, imdbId);
+
+            var tvdbId = justName.GetAttributeValue("tvdbid");
+            item.TrySetProviderId(MetadataProvider.Tvdb, tvdbId);
+
+            var tvmazeId = justName.GetAttributeValue("tvmazeid");
+            item.TrySetProviderId(MetadataProvider.TvMaze, tvmazeId);
+
+            var tmdbId = justName.GetAttributeValue("tmdbid");
+            item.TrySetProviderId(MetadataProvider.Tmdb, tmdbId);
+        }
     }
 }
diff --git a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Library/Resolvers/TV/SeasonResolver.cs b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Library/Resolvers/TV/SeasonResolver.cs
index 6cb63a28a2..6e9a38fd34 100644
--- a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Library/Resolvers/TV/SeasonResolver.cs
+++ b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Library/Resolvers/TV/SeasonResolver.cs
@@ -1,10 +1,15 @@
 #nullable disable
 
+using System;
 using System.Globalization;
+using System.IO;
+using System.Linq;
 using Emby.Naming.Common;
 using Emby.Naming.TV;
+using Emby.Server.Implementations.Library;
 using MediaBrowser.Controller.Entities.TV;
 using MediaBrowser.Controller.Library;
+using MediaBrowser.Model.Entities;
 using MediaBrowser.Model.Globalization;
 using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
 
@@ -77,6 +82,14 @@ namespace Emby.Server.Implementations.Library.Resolvers.TV
 
                         return null;
                     }
+
+                    var hasAnyVideo = Directory.EnumerateFiles(path, "*", SearchOption.AllDirectories)
+                        .Any(file => _namingOptions.VideoFileExtensions.Contains(Path.GetExtension(file)));
+
+                    if (!hasAnyVideo)
+                    {
+                        return null;
+                    }
                 }
 
                 if (season.IndexNumber.HasValue && string.IsNullOrEmpty(season.Name))
@@ -91,10 +104,31 @@ namespace Emby.Server.Implementations.Library.Resolvers.TV
                             args.LibraryOptions.PreferredMetadataLanguage);
                 }
 
+                SetProviderIdFromPath(season, path);
+
                 return season;
             }
 
             return null;
         }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Sets provider ids from the season folder name.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="item">The season.</param>
+        /// <param name="path">The season folder path.</param>
+        private static void SetProviderIdFromPath(Season item, string path)
+        {
+            var justName = Path.GetFileName(path.AsSpan());
+
+            var tvdbId = justName.GetAttributeValue("tvdbid");
+            item.TrySetProviderId(MetadataProvider.Tvdb, tvdbId);
+
+            var tvmazeId = justName.GetAttributeValue("tvmazeid");
+            item.TrySetProviderId(MetadataProvider.TvMaze, tvmazeId);
+
+            var tmdbId = justName.GetAttributeValue("tmdbid");
+            item.TrySetProviderId(MetadataProvider.Tmdb, tmdbId);
+        }
     }
 }
diff --git a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/ar.json b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/ar.json
index b80737d3b9..e48939b4d7 100644
--- a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/ar.json
+++ b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/ar.json
@@ -135,5 +135,6 @@
     "TaskMoveTrickplayImages": "نقل موقع صور معاينات التنقل",
     "TaskMoveTrickplayImagesDescription": "ينقل ملفات معاينات التنقل الحالية وفقاً لإعدادات المكتبة.",
     "CleanupUserDataTask": "مهمة تنظيف بيانات المستخدم",
-    "CleanupUserDataTaskDescription": "ينظف جميع بيانات المستخدم (مثل حالة المشاهدة وحالة المفضلة وغيرها) للمحتوى الذي لم يعد موجوداً لمدة 90 يوماً على الأقل."
+    "CleanupUserDataTaskDescription": "ينظف جميع بيانات المستخدم (مثل حالة المشاهدة وحالة المفضلة وغيرها) للمحتوى الذي لم يعد موجوداً لمدة 90 يوماً على الأقل.",
+    "Original": "فريد"
 }
diff --git a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/cs.json b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/cs.json
index 8d43839110..3fc1895842 100644
--- a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/cs.json
+++ b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/cs.json
@@ -135,5 +135,6 @@
     "TaskMoveTrickplayImages": "Přesunout úložiště obrázků Trickplay",
     "TaskMoveTrickplayImagesDescription": "Přesune existující soubory Trickplay podle nastavení knihovny.",
     "CleanupUserDataTaskDescription": "Odstraní všechna uživatelská data (stav zhlédnutí, oblíbené atd.) z médií, které již neexistují více než 90 dní.",
-    "CleanupUserDataTask": "Pročistit uživatelská data"
+    "CleanupUserDataTask": "Pročistit uživatelská data",
+    "Original": "Originál"
 }
diff --git a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/de.json b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/de.json
index ab1a7d2cbd..b628f45ea7 100644
--- a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/de.json
+++ b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/de.json
@@ -135,5 +135,6 @@
     "TaskMoveTrickplayImages": "Verzeichnis für Trickplay-Bilder migrieren",
     "TaskMoveTrickplayImagesDescription": "Trickplay-Bilder werden entsprechend der Bibliothekseinstellungen verschoben.",
     "CleanupUserDataTask": "Aufgabe zur Bereinigung von Benutzerdaten",
-    "CleanupUserDataTaskDescription": "Löscht alle Benutzerdaten (Abspielstatus, Favoritenstatus, usw.) von Medien, die seit mindestens 90 Tagen nicht mehr vorhanden sind."
+    "CleanupUserDataTaskDescription": "Löscht alle Benutzerdaten (Abspielstatus, Favoritenstatus, usw.) von Medien, die seit mindestens 90 Tagen nicht mehr vorhanden sind.",
+    "Original": "Original"
 }
diff --git a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/en-US.json b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/en-US.json
index 45b1cbb6a0..9b5049c8c7 100644
--- a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/en-US.json
+++ b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/en-US.json
@@ -64,6 +64,7 @@
     "NotificationOptionUserLockedOut": "User locked out",
     "NotificationOptionVideoPlayback": "Video playback started",
     "NotificationOptionVideoPlaybackStopped": "Video playback stopped",
+    "Original": "Original",
     "Photos": "Photos",
     "Playlists": "Playlists",
     "Plugin": "Plugin",
diff --git a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/es.json b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/es.json
index cf118077c6..4f6a3544e4 100644
--- a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/es.json
+++ b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/es.json
@@ -135,5 +135,6 @@
     "TaskExtractMediaSegmentsDescription": "Extrae u obtiene segmentos de medios de plugins habilitados para MediaSegment.",
     "TaskMoveTrickplayImages": "Migrar la ubicación de la imagen de Trickplay",
     "CleanupUserDataTask": "Tarea de limpieza de datos del usuario",
-    "CleanupUserDataTaskDescription": "Limpia todos los datos del usuario (estado de visualización, favoritos, etc.) de los medios que ya no están disponibles desde hace al menos 90 días."
+    "CleanupUserDataTaskDescription": "Limpia todos los datos del usuario (estado de visualización, favoritos, etc.) de los medios que ya no están disponibles desde hace al menos 90 días.",
+    "Original": "Original"
 }
diff --git a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/ga.json b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/ga.json
index 5742e6224d..ee6e8b8368 100644
--- a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/ga.json
+++ b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/ga.json
@@ -135,5 +135,6 @@
     "TaskCleanTranscode": "Eolaire Transcode Glan",
     "TaskDownloadMissingSubtitles": "Íosluchtaigh fotheidil ar iarraidh",
     "CleanupUserDataTask": "Tasc glantacháin sonraí úsáideora",
-    "CleanupUserDataTaskDescription": "Glanann sé gach sonraí úsáideora (stádas faire, stádas is fearr leat srl.) ó mheáin nach bhfuil i láthair a thuilleadh ar feadh 90 lá ar a laghad."
+    "CleanupUserDataTaskDescription": "Glanann sé gach sonraí úsáideora (stádas faire, stádas is fearr leat srl.) ó mheáin nach bhfuil i láthair a thuilleadh ar feadh 90 lá ar a laghad.",
+    "Original": "Bunaidh"
 }
diff --git a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/hr.json b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/hr.json
index e3bea78a3f..5800764587 100644
--- a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/hr.json
+++ b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/hr.json
@@ -135,5 +135,6 @@
     "TaskMoveTrickplayImages": "Premjesti mjesto slika brzog pregledavanja",
     "TaskMoveTrickplayImagesDescription": "Premješta postojeće datoteke brzog pregledavanja u postavke biblioteke.",
     "CleanupUserDataTask": "Zadatak čišćenja korisničkih podataka",
-    "CleanupUserDataTaskDescription": "Briše sve korisničke podatke (stanje gledanja, status favorita itd.) s medija koji više nisu prisutni najmanje 90 dana."
+    "CleanupUserDataTaskDescription": "Briše sve korisničke podatke (stanje gledanja, status favorita itd.) s medija koji više nisu prisutni najmanje 90 dana.",
+    "Original": "Original"
 }
diff --git a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/hu.json b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/hu.json
index 8d9e5b08ba..31df91693c 100644
--- a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/hu.json
+++ b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/hu.json
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
     "MixedContent": "Vegyes tartalom",
     "Movies": "Filmek",
     "Music": "Zenék",
-    "MusicVideos": "Zenei videóklipek",
+    "MusicVideos": "Zenei videók",
     "NameInstallFailed": "{0} sikertelen telepítés",
     "NameSeasonNumber": "{0}. évad",
     "NameSeasonUnknown": "Ismeretlen évad",
@@ -135,5 +135,6 @@
     "TaskMoveTrickplayImagesDescription": "A médiatár-beállításoknak megfelelően áthelyezi a meglévő trickplay fájlokat.",
     "TaskExtractMediaSegmentsDescription": "Kinyeri vagy megszerzi a médiaszegmenseket a MediaSegment támogatással rendelkező bővítményekből.",
     "CleanupUserDataTaskDescription": "Legalább 90 napja nem elérhető médiákhoz kapcsolódó összes felhasználói adat (pl. megtekintési állapot, kedvencek) törlése.",
-    "CleanupUserDataTask": "Felhasználói adatok tisztítása feladat"
+    "CleanupUserDataTask": "Felhasználói adatok tisztítása feladat",
+    "Original": "Eredeti"
 }
diff --git a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/it.json b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/it.json
index 782f5ce53d..41d97442ed 100644
--- a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/it.json
+++ b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/it.json
@@ -135,5 +135,6 @@
     "TaskExtractMediaSegmentsDescription": "Estrae o ottiene segmenti multimediali dai plugin abilitati MediaSegment.",
     "TaskExtractMediaSegments": "Scansiona Segmento Media",
     "CleanupUserDataTask": "Task di pulizia dei dati utente",
-    "CleanupUserDataTaskDescription": "Pulisce tutti i dati utente (stato di visione, status preferiti, ecc.) dai contenuti non più presenti da almeno 90 giorni."
+    "CleanupUserDataTaskDescription": "Pulisce tutti i dati utente (stato di visione, status preferiti, ecc.) dai contenuti non più presenti da almeno 90 giorni.",
+    "Original": "Originale"
 }
diff --git a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/lv.json b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/lv.json
index 1083e3c299..4bf6ed4752 100644
--- a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/lv.json
+++ b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/lv.json
@@ -135,5 +135,6 @@
     "TaskDownloadMissingLyrics": "Lejupielādēt trūkstošos vārdus",
     "TaskDownloadMissingLyricsDescription": "Lejupielādēt vārdus dziesmām",
     "CleanupUserDataTask": "Lietotāju datu tīrīšanas uzdevums",
-    "CleanupUserDataTaskDescription": "Notīra visus lietotāja datus (skatīšanās stāvokļus, favorītu statusi utt.) no medijiem, kas vairs nav pieejami vismaz 90 dienas."
+    "CleanupUserDataTaskDescription": "Notīra visus lietotāja datus (skatīšanās stāvokļus, favorītu statusi utt.) no medijiem, kas vairs nav pieejami vismaz 90 dienas.",
+    "Original": "Oriģināls"
 }
diff --git a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/ne.json b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/ne.json
index 7c6b08fb36..0e52e32c1b 100644
--- a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/ne.json
+++ b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/ne.json
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@
     "Genres": "विधाहरू",
     "Folders": "फोल्डरहरू",
     "Favorites": "मनपर्ने",
-    "FailedLoginAttemptWithUserName": "{0}को लग इन प्रयास असफल",
+    "FailedLoginAttemptWithUserName": "असफल लग इन प्रयास {0} देखि",
     "DeviceOnlineWithName": "{0}को साथ जडित",
     "DeviceOfflineWithName": "{0}बाट विच्छेदन भयो",
     "Collections": "संग्रह",
diff --git a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/nl.json b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/nl.json
index bf1cbdacd1..de4c277ce7 100644
--- a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/nl.json
+++ b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/nl.json
@@ -135,5 +135,6 @@
     "CleanupUserDataTaskDescription": "Wist alle gebruikersgegevens (kijkstatus, favorieten, etc.) van media die al minstens 90 dagen niet meer aanwezig zijn.",
     "CleanupUserDataTask": "Opruimtaak gebruikersdata",
     "Albums": "Albums",
-    "Genres": "Genres"
+    "Genres": "Genres",
+    "Original": "Oorspronkelijk"
 }
diff --git a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/pl.json b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/pl.json
index a741fc14c0..e5af2c7801 100644
--- a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/pl.json
+++ b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/pl.json
@@ -135,5 +135,6 @@
     "TaskExtractMediaSegmentsDescription": "Wyodrębnia lub pobiera segmenty mediów z wtyczek obsługujących MediaSegment.",
     "TaskMoveTrickplayImagesDescription": "Przenosi istniejące pliki Trickplay zgodnie z ustawieniami biblioteki.",
     "CleanupUserDataTaskDescription": "Usuwa wszystkie dane użytkownika (stan oglądanych, status ulubionych itp.) z mediów, które nie są dostępne od co najmniej 90 dni.",
-    "CleanupUserDataTask": "Zadanie czyszczenia danych użytkownika"
+    "CleanupUserDataTask": "Zadanie czyszczenia danych użytkownika",
+    "Original": "Oryginalny"
 }
diff --git a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/pt-PT.json b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/pt-PT.json
index 1d31efcdc9..93dfa7e7f5 100644
--- a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/pt-PT.json
+++ b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/pt-PT.json
@@ -135,5 +135,6 @@
     "TaskExtractMediaSegmentsDescription": "Extrai ou obtém segmentos de multimédia a partir de plugins com suporte para MediaSegment.",
     "TaskMoveTrickplayImagesDescription": "Move os ficheiros trickplay existentes de acordo com as definições da mediateca.",
     "CleanupUserDataTaskDescription": "Apaga todos os dados de utilizador (estados de reprodução, favoritos, etc) de arquivos média não presentes há 90 dias ou mais.",
-    "CleanupUserDataTask": "Limpeza de dados de utilizador"
+    "CleanupUserDataTask": "Limpeza de dados de utilizador",
+    "Original": "Original"
 }
diff --git a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/pt.json b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/pt.json
index 82da1f0aff..ce288223bb 100644
--- a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/pt.json
+++ b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/pt.json
@@ -135,5 +135,6 @@
     "TaskExtractMediaSegmentsDescription": "Extrai ou obtém segmentos de multimédia a partir de plugins com suporte para MediaSegment.",
     "TaskMoveTrickplayImages": "Migrar a localização da imagem do Trickplay",
     "CleanupUserDataTask": "Task de limpeza de dados do usuário",
-    "CleanupUserDataTaskDescription": "Remove todos os dados do usuário (progresso, favoritos etc) de mídias que não estão presentes há pelo menos 90 dias."
+    "CleanupUserDataTaskDescription": "Remove todos os dados do usuário (progresso, favoritos etc) de mídias que não estão presentes há pelo menos 90 dias.",
+    "Original": "Original"
 }
diff --git a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/sv.json b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/sv.json
index a47ed248e9..015f59af25 100644
--- a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/sv.json
+++ b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Core/sv.json
@@ -135,5 +135,6 @@
     "TaskMoveTrickplayImages": "Migrera platsen för Trickplay-bilder",
     "TaskMoveTrickplayImagesDescription": "Flyttar befintliga trickplay-filer enligt bibliotekets inställningar.",
     "CleanupUserDataTaskDescription": "Tar bort all användardata (såsom vad du sett, favoriter med mera) för media som inte funnits på enheten på minst 90 dagar.",
-    "CleanupUserDataTask": "Uppgift för rensning av användardata"
+    "CleanupUserDataTask": "Uppgift för rensning av användardata",
+    "Original": "Original"
 }
diff --git a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/LocalizationManager.cs b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/LocalizationManager.cs
index 6fca5bc1ba..d8797e612b 100644
--- a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/LocalizationManager.cs
+++ b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/LocalizationManager.cs
@@ -320,6 +320,14 @@ namespace Emby.Server.Implementations.Localization
                 {
                     return value;
                 }
+
+                if (ratingsDictionary is not null && rating.Length > countryCode.Length
+                    && rating.StartsWith(countryCode, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)
+                    && (rating[countryCode.Length] == '-' || rating[countryCode.Length] == ':')
+                    && ratingsDictionary.TryGetValue(rating[(countryCode.Length + 1)..].Trim(), out var normalizedValue))
+                {
+                    return normalizedValue;
+                }
             }
             else
             {
@@ -345,33 +353,68 @@ namespace Emby.Server.Implementations.Localization
                 }
             }
 
-            // Try splitting by : to handle "Germany: FSK-18"
-            if (rating.Contains(':', StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+            // Try splitting by country prefix separator to handle "US:PG-13", "Germany: FSK-18", "DE-FSK-18"
+            if (TryGetRatingScoreBySeparator(rating, ':', out var result)
+                || TryGetRatingScoreBySeparator(rating, '-', out result))
             {
-                var ratingLevelRightPart = rating.AsSpan().RightPart(':');
-                if (ratingLevelRightPart.Length != 0)
-                {
-                    return GetRatingScore(ratingLevelRightPart.ToString());
-                }
+                return result;
             }
 
-            // Handle prefix country code to handle "DE-18"
-            if (rating.Contains('-', StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        private bool TryGetRatingScoreBySeparator(string rating, char separator, out ParentalRatingScore? result)
+        {
+            result = null;
+
+            if (rating.IndexOf(separator, StringComparison.Ordinal) < 0)
             {
-                var ratingSpan = rating.AsSpan();
+                return false;
+            }
 
-                // Extract culture from country prefix
-                var culture = FindLanguageInfo(ratingSpan.LeftPart('-').ToString());
+            var ratingSpan = rating.AsSpan();
+            var countryPart = ratingSpan.LeftPart(separator).Trim().ToString();
+            var ratingPart = ratingSpan.RightPart(separator).Trim().ToString();
+            if (ratingPart.Length == 0)
+            {
+                return false;
+            }
 
-                var ratingLevelRightPart = ratingSpan.RightPart('-');
-                if (ratingLevelRightPart.Length != 0)
+            string? resolvedCountryCode = null;
+
+            if (_allParentalRatings.ContainsKey(countryPart))
+            {
+                resolvedCountryCode = countryPart;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                var culture = FindLanguageInfo(countryPart);
+                if (culture is not null)
                 {
-                    // Check rating system of culture
-                    return GetRatingScore(ratingLevelRightPart.ToString(), culture?.TwoLetterISOLanguageName);
+                    resolvedCountryCode = culture.TwoLetterISOLanguageName;
                 }
             }
 
-            return null;
+            if (resolvedCountryCode is not null
+                && _allParentalRatings.TryGetValue(resolvedCountryCode, out var countryRatings))
+            {
+                if (countryRatings.TryGetValue(ratingPart, out result))
+                {
+                    return true;
+                }
+
+                _logger.LogWarning(
+                    "Rating '{Rating}' not found in the '{CountryCode}' rating system, treating as unrated",
+                    rating,
+                    resolvedCountryCode);
+
+                return true;
+            }
+
+            // Country not identified or no rating data available, try recursive lookup
+            result = GetRatingScore(ratingPart, resolvedCountryCode);
+
+            return true;
         }
 
         /// <inheritdoc />
diff --git a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Ratings/ca.json b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Ratings/ca.json
index fa43a8f2b7..76550b64c3 100644
--- a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Ratings/ca.json
+++ b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Localization/Ratings/ca.json
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
     "supportsSubScores": true,
     "ratings": [
         {
-            "ratingStrings": ["E", "G", "TV-Y", "TV-G"],
+            "ratingStrings": ["C", "E", "G", "TV-Y", "TV-G"],
             "ratingScore": {
                 "score": 0,
                 "subScore": 0
@@ -24,13 +24,20 @@
             }
         },
         {
-            "ratingStrings": ["PG", "TV-PG"],
+            "ratingStrings": ["C8"],
             "ratingScore": {
-                "score": 9,
+                "score": 8,
                 "subScore": 0
             }
         },
         {
+            "ratingStrings": ["PG", "TV-PG"],
+            "ratingScore": {
+                "score": 8,
+                "subScore": 1
+            }
+        },
+        {
             "ratingStrings": ["14A"],
             "ratingScore": {
                 "score": 14,
@@ -38,7 +45,7 @@
             }
         },
         {
-            "ratingStrings": ["TV-14"],
+            "ratingStrings": ["14+", "TV-14"],
             "ratingScore": {
                 "score": 14,
                 "subScore": 1
diff --git a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Serialization/MyXmlSerializer.cs b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Serialization/MyXmlSerializer.cs
index aa5fbbdf73..5c9a94cd36 100644
--- a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Serialization/MyXmlSerializer.cs
+++ b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Serialization/MyXmlSerializer.cs
@@ -85,9 +85,17 @@ namespace Emby.Server.Implementations.Serialization
         /// <returns>System.Object.</returns>
         public object? DeserializeFromFile(Type type, string file)
         {
-            using (var stream = File.OpenRead(file))
+            try
             {
-                return DeserializeFromStream(type, stream);
+                using (var stream = File.OpenRead(file))
+                {
+                    return DeserializeFromStream(type, stream);
+                }
+            }
+            catch (Exception ex)
+            {
+                ex.Data.Add("Filename", file);
+                throw;
             }
         }
 
diff --git a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Session/SessionManager.cs b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Session/SessionManager.cs
index e2ddf86c7a..1782b53e10 100644
--- a/Emby.Server.Implementations/Session/SessionManager.cs
+++ b/Emby.Server.Implementations/Session/SessionManager.cs
@@ -973,7 +973,7 @@ namespace Emby.Server.Implementations.Session
 
             if (user.RememberAudioSelections)
             {
-                if (data.AudioStreamIndex != info.AudioStreamIndex)
+                if (info.AudioStreamIndex.HasValue && data.AudioStreamIndex != info.AudioStreamIndex)
                 {
                     data.AudioStreamIndex = info.AudioStreamIndex;
                     changed = true;
@@ -990,7 +990,7 @@ namespace Emby.Server.Implementations.Session
 
             if (user.RememberSubtitleSelections)
             {
-                if (data.SubtitleStreamIndex != info.SubtitleStreamIndex)
+                if (info.SubtitleStreamIndex.HasValue && data.SubtitleStreamIndex != info.SubtitleStreamIndex)
                 {
                     data.SubtitleStreamIndex = info.SubtitleStreamIndex;
                     changed = true;
@@ -1021,15 +1021,22 @@ namespace Emby.Server.Implementations.Session
 
             ArgumentNullException.ThrowIfNull(info);
 
+            var session = GetSession(info.SessionId);
+
+            session.StopAutomaticProgress();
+
             if (info.PositionTicks.HasValue && info.PositionTicks.Value < 0)
             {
+                // Ensure live stream is cleaned up before throwing, to prevent tuner
+                // resource leaks when stalled clients report a negative PositionTicks.
+                if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(info.LiveStreamId))
+                {
+                    await CloseLiveStreamIfNeededAsync(info.LiveStreamId, session.Id).ConfigureAwait(false);
+                }
+
                 throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(info), "The PlaybackStopInfo's PositionTicks was negative.");
             }
 
-            var session = GetSession(info.SessionId);
-
-            session.StopAutomaticProgress();
-
             var libraryItem = info.ItemId.IsEmpty()
                 ? null
                 : GetNowPlayingItem(session, info.ItemId);
@@ -2049,7 +2056,7 @@ namespace Emby.Server.Implementations.Session
         {
             CheckDisposed();
 
-            var adminUserIds = _userManager.Users
+            var adminUserIds = _userManager.GetUsers()
                 .Where(i => i.HasPermission(PermissionKind.IsAdministrator))
                 .Select(i => i.Id)
                 .ToList();